Foi realizado um estudo transversal com o objetivo de determinar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade e os fatores associados ao excesso de peso corporal, em um grupo de escolares de 11 a 13 anos, residentes em Capão da Canoa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A técnica de amostragem utilizada foi estratificada, proporcional ao número de alunos de cada escola. O estado nutricional foi avaliado mediante os pontos de corte do índice de massa corporal (IMC) de acordo com a idade e o sexo, propostos por Cole et al. no ano 2000. Foram analisadas variáveis sócio-econômicas, demográficas, genéticas e comportamentais. Foram entrevistados 719 escolares em 11 escolas, destes, 541 (75,2%) apresentaram IMC considerado normal, 153 (21,3%) escolares apresentaram sobrepeso e 25 (3,5%) obesidade. Encontrou-se associação estatisticamente significativa com tipo de escola, estado nutricional dos pais, nível de atividade física e tempo de conduta sedentária. A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade encontrada nos escolares avaliados mostrou-se elevada (24,8%), e, de acordo com a encontrada na literatura, confirmando a magnitude e gravidade que o problema assumiu entre os escolares de todo o Brasil.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a resistance exercise training versus an endurance training on the morpho-functional aspects of elderly men. The sample was made of 31 elderly men, divided into two groups, where 17 subjects (66.35±3.82 yrs) performed resistance exercise training (RET) and 14 subjects (69.21±6.90 yrs) performed endurance training (ET), for 12 weeks. The variables assessed were muscle thickness, body composition, electromyographic muscle activity (EMG), force production and functional mobility. A two-way ANOVA (by group and by intervention) for repeated measurements (pre-and post-) was used for the comparison of EMG. The remaining variables were analyzed intra-group (pre-and post-) using paired Student's ttest. The significance level adopted was of 5%. The ET showed significantly higher reduction in total body mass and body mass index (BMI) in comparison to the RET group. The RET group showed significantly greater gains in force production and muscle thickness when compared to the ET. Our results suggest that the combination of RET using Swiss balls and rubber bands, in other words, low cost materials, in addition to easy adherence ET, as walking, can improve the neuromuscular system and body composition.
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