The objective of this research was to map and evaluate nitrate contamination in an urban area on the Brazil / Bolivia border. The evaluation of the groundwater table occurred in the water of cacimbas wells or Amazonian wells with an average depth of 10 meters in the city of Nova Mamoré, in the State of Rondônia, located in the southern region of Western Amazonia bordering the Republic of Bolivia. METHODS: Eighty (80) water samples were collected in the city's urban center, defined and evaluated for nitrate (NO3 -) in a proportion above or below the values defined by Ministry of Health Ordinance No. 2.914/2011, which governs standards of water standardization and potability in Brazil. From the data obtained, maps with georeferenced information were made to locate the areas with the highest and lowest contamination potential. The use of geostatistics assisted in the accomplishment of the spatialization of the samples and in the analysis of the spatial patterns allowing a higher quality of the generated data. Results: Sixty-two and a half percent

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The struggle for a fair distribution of land consolidated social movements and put pressure on the Brazilian government to carry out agrarian reform. The government allocated rural workers to the settlements and created programs to strengthen family farming. The global concern with the sustainability of the planet has led scholars to think that family farming is an alternative for the reduction of poverty and for the preservation of the environment. Based on this principle, the objective of this study was to analyze whether family farming used in the family units of the Joana Darc III settlement in Rondônia contributes to sustainable development. Materials and methods: The research is characterized as descriptive and a case study. We use an instrument developed by Anjos17, semi-structured, divided into 6 blocks: Identification of the profile of farmers; Characterization of the production unit; Characterization of crop production; Production commercialization; Financing and infrastructure and, Life conditions. The sample granted for accessibility was a group formed by 30 (26.3%) rural farmers from the Joana Darc III settlement who cultivate different crops, harvested from a population of 114 farmers. For the sample size, the systematic sampling formula presented by Barbetta26 was used. The research project considers the ethical aspect and is in accordance with CNS Resolution 196/96. Results: The results showed that the settlers received financing from Pronaf for investments in increasing production and technical assistance from EMATER. However, the production system adopted is traditional, with the use of pesticides in crops and the use of pesticides in animals and they practice burning to clean the land. This practice goes against the principles of clean agriculture, which aims to preserve the environment. It was also found that the settled farmers sell their products below the market price, reducing their profit margin. However, all were unanimous in ensuring that they would have better living conditions compared to the life before the settlement and believe in improvements in the future. Conclusions: It was rejected the hypothesis that family farming used in the family units of the Joana Darc III settlement in Rondônia contributes to sustainable development.

Objective: to analyze the path dependence effect of Douglass North from the construction of the cocoa production index (IPC) using quantitative methods, aiming to contribute to the discussions on the "conservation and development" trade-off in the Amazon. Methods: this is a hypothetical-deductive study. The CPI was calculated following the factorial analysis techniques presented by Hair et al [11], Santana [12,13) and Cavalcante [14] and the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was used. Results: in Brazil the level of performance of cocoa production, when considering the number of cocoa producing municipalities and the indicators, area destined to harvest (hectares), quantity produced (ton), average production yield (kilograms per hectare) and value production (thousand reais) is very low, almost inefficient. Rondônia follows the logic found in Brazil. Conclusions: despite the importance of cocoa production, there are still no regional development centers for cocoa cultivation in Rondônia. All cocoa producing municipalities had low levels of PCI performance. The fact that CEPLAC develops its actions exclusively in the East Rondoniense portion of the State only reinforces the analysis in this direction, which helps to understand the path dependence character of the cocoa policy in Rondônia.

Objective: to analyze the socio-environmental responsibility of commercial companies in the wholesale, retail, wholesale-retail and wholesale-retail sectors within the scope of the free trade area of Guajará-Mirim, Rondônia, Brazil / Bolivia border. Method: the Social and Environmental Responsibility Performance Index -IDRSA was calculated according to the Factor Analysis techniques presented by Hair et al 13, Santana 14,15 and Cavalcante 16. A questionnaire (created by Cavalcante and Siqueira 17) was applied to 32 companies in the ALCGM economic sector, based on a set of social, environmental, economic and free question variables. Results:The average of the results found for each of the analyzed parameters (social, environmental and economic) reaches the performance index of socio-environmental responsibility of the companies for each of the economic sectors surveyed in the free trade area of Guajará-Mirim. The wholesale-retail sector had the best performance among all sectors with an index (IDRSA 0.561), considered "regular" performance. The sector of retail and wholesale (IDRSA 0.470) and the retail sector (IDRSA 0.420) also display rankings with regular performance indexes. The wholesale sector (IDRSA 0.374) was classified as "bad".

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Objective: To analyze the quality of groundwater potentially impacted by nitrate (NO3 -), before and after the flooding of the Madeira River, in two urban areas of Rondônia on the Brazil / Bolivia border. Method: Data and water samples were collected according to Standard Methods for the Examination for Water and Wasterwater (APHA, 1998) together with the methodology proposed in the Water Sample Collection and Preservation Environmental Sanitation -CETESB. The place were georeferenced using the Global Positioning System (GPS). For nitrate measurement, the spectrophotometry method was used using the Spectrophotometer, brand Micronal B495, the chemical reagents used were made by Alfatecnoquímica and available in two vials called reagents 1 and 2 (nitrate reagent). Results: In the first large area of risk in 100% of samples, high levels of N nitrate (NO3-) were detected. > 10 mg / L. In the second area in 30% of the samples were detected NO3 content higher than 10mg / L. Conclusions: The population is consuming water with a high degree of nitrate contamination. It alerts itself to a public health issue.