ResumoO objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar os ciclones e os padrões de circulação atmosférica a eles associados no Oceano Atlântico Sul, próxima à costa das Regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, usando dados da Reanálise ERA-Interim nos meses de outubro a abril dos anos de 2003 a 2013. Foi desenvolvido um método objetivo para obter as datas, a localização e a intensidade dos ciclones, o que permitiu gerar compostos de algumas variáveis meteorológicas. Os resultados mostraram que em média ocorreram 17 casos de ciclones entre os meses de outubro a abril e que o período de vida dentro da região de estudo chegou até a 8 dias em alguns casos. O período de out/08 a abr/09 chama atenção por ter apresentado 27 casos. Os compostos para o período mostraram que a combinação de difluência no escoamento em altos níveis, associada a um cavado em médios níveis e a presença de anomalias positivas do vento zonal são favoráveis à formação de ciclones no Atlântico Sul, próximo à costa das Regiões Sul e Sudeste do país. A convergência do escoamento em baixos níveis é decisiva para estimular a ciclogênese na região. O estudo de caso mostrou uma aplicação da ferramenta desenvolvida que pode ter utilidade no aperfeiçoamento dos modelos numéricos de previsão desse tipo de sistema meteorológico.Palavras-chave: ciclones, ciclogêneses no Oceano Atlântico Sul, reanálise ERA-Interim. Cyclones and Atmosferic Circulation Patterns Study in the South Atlantic Ocean Near the Coast of South and a Southest of Brazil Using Reanalysis Era-Interim Data AbstractThe main objective of this research is to study the cyclones, and the atmospheric circulation pattern associated with them, occurring in South Atlantic Ocean, using data from ERA-Interim Reanalysis from October to April in the [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] period. An objective method was developed and applied to identify the dates, location and intensity of cyclones, which allowed to generate composites of some meteorological variables. The results showed that, on average, 17 cases of cyclones occurred in the months from October to April and the life within the studied area reaches up to 8 days.The period of October/2008 to April /2009 calls attention for recording 27 cases. Composites for the entire period showed a combination of the difluence in the flow at upper levels, associated with an mid-tropospheric trough and the presence of positive zonal-wind anomalies are favorable to formation of cyclone in the Atlantic Ocean near South and Southeastern Brazil. Convergence of low-level flow were decisive to stimulate cyclogenesis in the region. The case studied showed an application of the developed tool that can be useful in improving the numerical prediction models of this type of weather system.
This study presents an analysis of a period with positive precipitation anomalies and anomalous severe weather activity in parts of the Southeastern Brazil during the dry season (austral winter). The objective of this work is to identify the synoptic pattern associated with the severe episodes on August 2018. The analysis was based on observational data and the CFSR (Climate Forecast System Reanalysis). Standardized anomalies of the main meteorological variables were used in the analysis. An anomalous trough in the mid and upper troposphere and the associated low-level flow from the Amazon Basin to Southeastern Brazil provided high amount of precipitable water, and were the main responsible for the rainfall markedly above the climatology along with severe hail and strong winds. The atmospheric environment was conditionally unstable due to a stationary front. These type of analyzes should be taken into consideration at this time of year to improve weather forecasts and minimize impacts in such circumstances.
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