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An updated version of the checklist of birds of Brazil is presented, along with a summary of the changes approved by the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee's Taxonomy Subcommittee since the first edition, published in 2015. In total, 1971 bird species occurring in Brazil are supported by documentary evidence and are admitted to the Primary List, 4.3% more than in the previous edition. Eleven additional species are known only from undocumented records (Secondary List). For each species on the Primary List, status of occurrence in the country is provided and, in the case of polytypic species, the respective subspecies present in Brazilian territory are listed. Explanatory notes cover taxonomic changes, nomenclatural corrections, new occurrences and other changes implemented since the last edition.Ninety species are added to the Primary List as a result of species descriptions, new occurrences, taxonomic splits and transfers from the Secondary List due to the availability of documentation.In contrast, eight species are synonymized or assigned subspecific status and thus removed from the Primary List. In all, 293 species are endemic to Brazil, ranked third among the countries with the highest rate of bird endemism. The Brazilian avifauna currently consists of 1742 residents or breeding migrants, 126 seasonal non-breeding visitors and 103 vagrants. The category of vagrants showed the greatest increase (56%) compared to the previous list, mainly due to new occurrences documented in recent years by citizen scientists. The list updates the diversity, systematics, taxonomy, scientific and vernacular nomenclature, and occurrence status of birds in Brazil.

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Inventários rápidos realizados em diferentes pontos no sul do Ceará e oeste de Pernambuco em julho e setembro de 2004 encontraram um total de 209 espécies de aves. A maior riqueza foi de espécies características das várias formações da Caatinga (99 espécies), seguidas por espécies de áreas abertas ou generalistas (65) e aves aquáticas (45). Não foi encontrado um padrão que associasse a similaridade entre áreas a um padrão geográfico. As espécies numericamente dominantes tendem a ser pequenos insetívoros que se alimentam em meio à vegetação baixa e granívoros como Columbidae e Coryphospingus pileatus. Generalistas como Cyanocorax cyanopogon também foram dominantes em alguns pontos. As caatingas muito alteradas ao redor de lagoas temporárias de Petrolina mostraram maior riqueza de espécies. De maneira geral a avifauna regional mostra poucas espécies de maior porte, como Cracidae e Psitacidae maiores, e aquelas dependentes de habitats mais estruturados, como grandes Dendrocolaptidae, refletindo tanto a exploração humana direta como a substituição de habitats de estrutura florestal por formações mais baixas e simples.
Rapid bird inventoires made in the Caatinga of southern Ceará and west Pernambuco in July and September 2004 found a total of 209 species. Birds characteristic of the different Caatinga habitats (from dense scrub to arboreal-arbustive forations) accounted for 99 species, followed by open habitats or generalist species (65) and waterbirds (45). We found no geographic pattern in area similarity. Numerically dominant species tend to be small insectivores feeding amid the lower vegetation and granivores such as Columbidae and Coryphospingus pileatus. Generalists such as Cyanocorax cyanopogon were also dominant in some áreas. The very disturbed scrub caatinga around temporary lagoons near Petrolina (Pernambuco) had the most species. The regional avifauna show few larger species such as Cracidae and Psitacidae, while birds associated to more arboreal, structured habitats such as the larger Dendrocolaptidae are also scarce or absent, refecting both direct human exploitation and the replacement of forest-like habitats by lower, less diverse scrub habitat