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Preventing and treating hypertrophic and keloid scars is difficult because of the lack of knowledge about their genesis. Tissue repair can be studied with biocompatible matrices and ex vivo cultures of different cell types. We used an experimental model where collagen gels populated by human fibroblasts underwent progressive contraction, allowing the study of wound healing remodeling. The fibroblast-populated lattices showed the greater contraction of the gel populated by fibroblasts from keloids versus fibroblasts from normal skin. Moreover, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) involved in scar formation were added to the collagen gels populated by normal skin fibroblasts. TGF-beta caused an increase in gel contraction; FGF did not. The mean percentages of contraction of the gels populated by keloid fibroblasts were very similar to the percentages of gels populated by normal skin fibroblasts with added TGF-beta. These observations confirm the existing hypothesis that TGF-beta may be involved in keloid formation.
Infra-red LLLT (830 nm) applied after inguinal-hernia surgery was effective in preventing the formation of keloids. In addition, LLLT resulted in better scar appearance and quality 6 mo postsurgery.
OBJECTIVES:Negative-pressure wound therapy has been widely adopted to reduce the complexity of treating a broad range of acute and chronic wounds. However, its cost is high. The objective of this study was to evaluate the following two different methods of negative-pressure wound therapy in terms of healing time: a low-cost method of negative-pressure wound therapy (a pressure stabilizer device connected to a hospital wall-vacuum system with a gauze-sealed dressing, USP) and the standard of care (vacuum-assisted closure, VAC).METHODS:This is a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority, unblinded trial. Patients admitted with complex injuries to a trauma center in a public referral hospital who were indicated for orthopedic surgery were randomized to a USP or VAC group. The primary outcome was the time required to achieve a “ready for surgery condition”, which was defined as a wound bed with healthy granulation tissue and without necrosis or purulent secretion. Wound bed area contraction, granulation tissue growth and the direct costs of the dressings were secondary outcomes.RESULTS:Variation in area and granulation tissue growth were essentially the same between the systems, and healing time was equal between the groups (p=0.379). In both systems, serial debridement increased wound area (p=0.934), and granulation tissue was also increased (p=0.408). The mean treatment cost was US$ 15.15 in the USP group and US$ 872.59 in the VAC group.CONCLUSIONS:For treating complex traumatic injuries, USP was non-inferior to and less expensive than VAC.
CONTEXT: Complications from diabetes mellitus affecting the lower limbs occur in 40 to 70% of such patients. Neuropathy is the main cause of ulceration and may be associated with vascular impairment. The wound evolves with necrosis and infection, and if not properly treated, amputation may be the end result. Surgical treatment is preferred in complex wounds without spontaneous healing. After debridement of the necrotic tissue, the wound bed needs to be prepared to receive a transplant of either a graft or a flap. Dressings can be used to prepare the wound bed, but this usually leads to longer duration of hospitalization. Negative pressure using a vacuum system has been proposed for speeding up the treatment. This paper had the objective of analyzing the effects of this therapy on wound bed preparation among diabetic patients.CASE SERIES: Eighty-four diabetic patients with wounds in their lower limbs were studied. A commercially available vacuum system was used for all patients after adequate debridement of necrotic tissues. For 65 patients, skin grafts completed the treatment and for the other 19, skin flaps were used.Wound bed preparation was achieved over an average time of 7.51 days for 65 patients and 10 days for 12 patients, and in only one case was not achieved.CONCLUSIONS: This experience suggests that negative pressure therapy may have an important role in wound bed preparation and as part of the treatment for wounds in the lower limbs of diabetic patients. RESUMOCONTEXTO: Complicações do diabetes mellitus que afetam os membros inferiores ocorrem em 40 a 70% dos pacientes. A neuropatia é a principal causa de ulceração e pode estar associada com problemas vasculares. A ferida evolui com necrose e infecção, e se não for corretamente tratada poderá terminar em amputação. O tratamento cirúrgico é preferido em feridas complexas, quando não há cicatrização espontânea. Após desbridamento cirúrgico do tecido necrótico do leito da ferida este precisa ser preparado para receber um transplante, seja um enxerto ou um retalho. Curativos podem ser usados para o preparo do leito da ferida, mas frequentemente levam a um longo tempo de hospitalização. A pressão negativa usada através de um sistema vácuo foi proposta para acelerar o tempo de tratamento. O presente trabalho teve como finalidade analisar os efeitos desta terapia no preparo do leito de feridas em pacientes diabéticos. SÉRIE DE CASOS:Oitenta e quatro pacientes diabéticos com feridas em membros inferiores foram estudados. Um sistema vácuo de uso comercial foi utilizado em todos os pacientes após adequado desbridamento de tecidos necróticos. Em 65 pacientes enxertos de pele completaram o tratamento e em outros 19 retalhos cutâneos. O preparo do leito da ferida foi conseguido, em média, em 7,51 dias em 65 pacientes, em 10 dias para 12 pacientes e em somente um caso não foi efetivo. CONCLUSÃO:A experiência sugere que a terapia por pressão negativa possa ter um papel importante no preparo do leito e como parte do tratamento de feridas nos membros inferiore...
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