The transport of heavy oil in tubes is energy intensive since the oil viscosity can reach values of 10 500 000 cP. This study focuses on the transport of oil in a piping system by an annular flow of oil wrapped with water, since this alternative reduces head loss. The piping system was comprised of horizontal tubes, curves, and vertical tubes. The assumptions for the CFD simulation were the following: 3D geometry, turbulent flow, and isothermal system as well as incompressible, steady‐state, and transient flow. A mesh convergence study was carried out. The residue for pressure and velocity dropped at least three orders of magnitude. The inter‐phase‐slip Algorithm (IPSA), algebraic slip model (ASLP), scalar equation method (SEM), and Phoenics models were applied to calculate the interaction between the phases. Turbulence was modelled with default k‐ϵ and k‐ω models and the LES strategy by using a Smagorinsky sub‐grid scale model. The density profiles generated in the CFD simulation were compared with experimental data and a resemblance was observed. The transient simulation showed a swirling flow that was experimentally observed, which was a result of synergy of multiphase flow, horizontal tube, curve, and vertical tube.
Droplet microfluidics can improve and accelerate chemical and biochemical processes by reducing volumes and times involved in processes such as diffusion, heating and mixing. Besides, the control of reaction time and interfacial properties can be also provided. Thus, a study on how to control and stabilize these particles has great importance. The present work presents simulations in CFD of a T Mixer, viewing to predict the size of droplets from the number of capillary. Some experiments are also carried out and the computational simulations can be considered validated.
RESUMO -A descoberta de petróleo na camada do Pré-Sal fez com que a Petrobras invista cerca de 240 bilhões de dólares. Por isso, o estudo de transporte água-óleo é de grande importância. O objetivo aqui é estudar uma corrente água-óleo em um tubo reto e em uma curva, com o intuito de gerar perfis de velocidades, pressões e densidades. Para as simulações desenvolvidas são considerados fluxo 2D, escoamento turbulento, isotérmico, incompressível e no estado estacionário. Foi realizado o estudo da convergência de malha. Os resíduos globais para pressão e velocidade caem pelo menos 2 ordens de grandeza. O modelo utilizado para representar a interação entre as fases foi o IPSA, que resolve as equações de Navier-Stokes para cada fase. A turbulência foi modelada utilizando o k-ε padrão e o k-ω. As densidades geradas nas simulações em CFD foram comparadas visualmente com os resultados experimentais obtidos em trabalho anterior para fluxo core-flow. As simulações podem ser consideradas como pré-validadas.
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