The juçara fruits (Euterpe edulis Martius), native to the Atlantic Forest, are rich in anthocyanins. To preserve the anthocyanins in juçara fruit pulp, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of microencapsulation by spray drying and freeze drying with maltodextrin (dextrose equivalent 16.5 to 19.5) and gum arabic in different proportions. The obtained microparticles were characterized by quantifying the total polyphenol and anthocyanin contents, by performing differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and infrared spectroscopy and by using scanning electron microscopy to analyze the morphology of the particles. The total amount of polyphenols in the fruit pulp was 750 ± 16.7 mg GAE/100 g of the freeze-dried sample. The total anthocyanins in the fruit pulp was 181.25 ± 5.36 (mg/100 g). The microparticles were formed by employing maltodextrin and gum arabic in a 1:1 proportion as the polymeric matrix; the mixtures of pulp and polymeric matrix were prepared in proportions of 2:3 and 2:1, preserving up to 83.69% of the anthocyanin content. Lyophilization of the 2:1 mixture resulted in an anthocyanin content of 116.89 ± 4.43 (mg/100 g), whereas lyophilization of the 2:3 mixture resulted in 151.68 ± 1.39 (mg/100 g) anthocyanin content, which did not differ from the value obtained by spray drying the 2:3 mixture (150.76 ± 5.79 (mg/100 g)). Thermal analyses showed that the microparticles obtained by freeze drying at a ratio of 2:3 presented greater resistance to degradation with increasing temperature. The incorporation of the pulp in the polymeric matrix was demonstrated by IR analyses. Microparticles obtained by freeze drying showed the formation of various-sized flakes, whereas those obtained by spray drying were spherical in shape. Microencapsulation is a possible alternative for improving the stability of the anthocyanins in this fruit.
The aroeira or Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) is native to the Atlantic Forest Biome and its fruit, the pink pepper, is a Brazilian export product that, due to its flavoring characteristics and chemopreventive substances, such as flavonoids and other phenolic compounds, stands out in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. The state of Espírito Santo, the largest producer and exporter of pink pepper in the country, meets growing demand in the international market and seeks new markets. Since 2016, the Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (Incaper) created the Working Group "GT Aroeira", including researchers and rural extension workers to meet the demands arising from the transition from purely extractive activities to commercial cultivation of aroeira as an agricultural crop. In 2019, the Aroeira Producers Association of Espírito Santo (Nativa) applied to the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) for the Geographical Indication (IG) of Espírito Santo pink pepper, in the Indication of Origin (IP) sub-type. This certification represents a major advance for the activity, qualifying the product and valuing the actors who are dedicated to fulfilling all the requirements of good practices in the various links of the production chain. The Nativa must accompany the process ensuring the good use of this register, and avoiding discontinuity of actions and disuse of the IP. In view of the consolidation of the work, Incaper, with the Institute of Innovation and Sustainable Technologies (Inovates) and partner institutions adjusted the route of the IG referrals, subsidizing a new request from Nativa for the delimitation of the geographical area of the Indication of Origin "SÃO MATEUS" for the Pink Pepper in Espírito Santo.
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na Publicação (CIP) (eDOC BRASIL, Belo Horizonte/MG) S518 Sexualidade e relações de gênero [recurso eletrônico] / Organizadora Denise Pereira. -Ponta Grossa (PR): Atena Editora, 2019. -(Sexualidade e Relações de Gênero; v. 1)
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