Culture reflects and shapes the understanding of health and disease. We propose that the analysis of cultural products related to music, particularly song lyrics, can inform us about the social representations of psychiatry and mental illness. In order to support our proposal and engage in future research, we examine research regarding social representations of science, medicine, illness and psychiatry in music.

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Previous studies on the distribution of attentional resources during time have yielded a differential performance in patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), in relation to healthy controls. The Attentional Blink (AB) experimental paradigm probes the ability to discriminate visual stimuli in close temporal proximity. The electrophysiological mechanisms underlying the AB have been intensively studied in healthy individuals, and seems to be very appropriate to evaluate the temporal distribution of attentional resources in ADHD. We recorded Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) to stimuli arranged in a rapid serial visual presentation task. Fourteen male children (age: 11.6±2.1) who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD of the combined subtype participated in the study, along with fourteen age and sex-matched healthy controls (11.2±2.3). They were all screened to discard comorbidites. Behavioral responses showed an increased number of commission and omission errors in the ADHD group. Nonetheless, both groups exhibited a significant AB for probes presented in close temporal proximity to targets. ERP waveforms in ADHD showed a P300 component of reduced amplitude, elicited both by detected and undetected probes. However, in the control group the P300 was only elicited by detected probes and its amplitude was larger. As the P3 component is considered to reflect context updating in working memory, its elicitation by missed probes during the attentional blink suggests a failure of an inhibitory selection mechanism in ADHD.

There are many ways to understand self-management. They vary from Government-dependent technical-administrative meanings (i.e. hospital selfmanagement, in the context of health reform in Chile), to those related to efforts to abolish the State. Thus, the "self-management" concept was developed from the very beginning by the anarchist movement as one of its organizational principles. Hence, there is a need to break myths and prejudices about anarchist philosophy seen as a synonym of chaos, and to review its deeply constructive aspects and its highly moral character, hand in hand with genuine selfmanagement in health. In this context, the work of Juan Gandulfo, a physician and anarchist, in the management of the Worker Polyclinic of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and its diffusion media "The sanitary page" must be emphasized. The aim of this paper is to review the history of particular initiatives in self management, complementing them with some biographical aspects of Dr. Gandulfo's life (Rev Méd Chile 2009; 137: 426-32).

A case of bilateral posterior vitreous detachment after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been reported previously in the literature. There is not enough evidence about ocular side effects of this treatment. The literature supports a slight increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), although no ocular complications have been reported in normal, glaucomatous or postsurgical eyes. In this case report, we describe a 73-year-old female patient suffering a recurrent depressive disorder, who was admitted to acute psychiatric unit because a treatment-resistant major depressive episode (after an adequate trial of antidepressant drugs and transcranial magnetic stimulation) and clinical suspicion of visual delusions by her reference psychiatrist. The nonpsychiatric history consisted of hypertension, glaucoma and ulcerative colitis in treatment with azathioprine and mesalazine. After a careful examination in the emergency room, we consulted to ophthalmologist because miodesopsias and glaucoma history. The IOP was normal, but a bilateral posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) was identified. Because this entity is not an absolute contraindication for ECT, and there is scarce evidence, we informed the patient and her family. After that, and through informed consent, we decided to undergo ECT. After fourteen sessions, the patient could be discharged because significant clinical benefit and no ocular complications. Outpatient continuation ECT was indicated.ConclusionsECT can be a safe treatment choice in cases of PVD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Resumen El estudio de las descripciones de los trastornos mentales en la música es escaso, pese a que la reproducción de visiones estigmatizantes puede afectar la búsqueda de tratamiento. El propósito de este artículo es describir los usos y significados de la locura en el punk español como base para la comparación con otros ámbitos. Análisis de contenido. Se revisó las letras de 3.653 canciones buscando los vocablos “loco”, “locura” y otros relacionados. Se identificó 174 obras, analizadas posteriormente por dos codificadores. El manual de codificación abarcó 28 códigos para 4 categorías: usos, sentidos y significados de la locura; tema central de la canción; término “loco” en frases hechas; el loco como personaje. Primaron los usos de la locura como descontrol, desenfreno e impredecibilidad. Entre las frases hechas, también fueron más frecuentes las asociaciones con descontrol. El vocablo loco predominó como expresión de cualidad. La comparación con datos previos sugiere que las ideas de la locura como “patología”, “pérdida de control” y “oposición a la razón” tendrían mayor universalidad. Los aspectos identitarios del punk español fueron el telón de fondo para los contenidos identificados, emergiendo la locura como seña de identidad y manifestación de alteridad.