La presente investigación analizó la utilización de recursos en el sistema de salud ecuatoriano, cuya escasez exige que su provisión se realice de manera que, además de garantizar su eficacia terapéutica, aseguren su uso eficiente, permitiendo alcanzar la ansiada cobertura universal. El objetivo fue conocer y examinar la Eficiencia Técnica en el sistema de salud del Ecuador durante el año 2018, aplicando el Análisis Envolvente de Datos; para ello, se consideró como DMU a los sectores de salud público y privado y a las 24 provincias del país; como inputs al personal médico y administrativo, las camas disponibles y los ambientes; como outputs a los egresos, consultas, intervenciones quirúrgicas y atención de urgencias. Los datos utilizados fueron de las encuestas RAS y ECEH del INEC para el 2018, encontrándose que el nivel de Eficiencia Técnicas en las dependencias del Ministerio de Defensa es el 84%, en las instituciones con fines de lucro el 65%, en las sin fines de lucro el 75%; a nivel provincial, Loja alcanza el 85% y Cotopaxi el 94%; por lo que la reducción necesaria de inputs, para este caso camas, de acuerdo a su output, debería ser del 35% para las instituciones con fines de lucro, del 25% para aquellas sin fines de lucro, y del 16% en el Ministerio de Defensa. En lo que respecta a las provincias, Loja y Cotopaxi, deberían reducir el personal médico y administrativo, las camas disponibles y los ambientes en el 15% y 6% respectivamente. Palabras clave: Análisis Envolvente de Datos, asignación de recursos, cobertura universal, eficiencia técnica, escasez, sistemas de salud. Palabras clave: Análisis Envolvente de Datos, asignación de recursos, cobertura universal, eficiencia técnica, escasez, sistemas de salud. Abstract This article analyzes the use of resources in the Ecuadorian health system, the scarcity of which requires their provision to be carried out in such a way that, in addition to guaranteeing their therapeutic efficacy, they ensure their efficient use, allowing the desired universal coverage to be achieved; The objective is to know and examine the Technical Efficiency in the Ecuadorian health system during the year 2018, applying the Data Envelopment Analysis, for this the public and private health sectors and the 24 provinces of the country were considered as DMU; as inputs to medical and administrative personnel, available beds and environments; as outputs to discharges, consultations, surgical interventions and emergency care. The data used were from the RAS and EHEC surveys of the INEC for 2018, finding that the level of Technical Efficiency in the departments of the Ministry of Defense is 84%, in for-profit institutions 65%, in non-profit institutions 75% profit, 85% in Loja and 94% in Cotopaxi; Therefore, the necessary reduction of beds, according to their production, should be 35% for profit-making institutions and 25% for non-profit institutions, while the Ministry of Defense 16%; at the provincial level, Loja and Cotopaxi should reduce medical and administrative staff, available beds and rooms by 15% and 6% respectively.Key words: Data Envelopment Analysis, resource allocation, universal coverage, technical efficiency, scarcity, health systems.
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