The short-circuit current (Isc), the open-circuit voltage (Voc), and the maximum power point (VMPP,IMPP) of monocrystalline and multicrystalline silicon solar cells under three kinds of partial shading patterns have been investigated experimentally. The partial shades are, respectively, the nine shelter locations by 1 cm × 1 cm black card, the six shelter locations by 2 cm × 1 cm black card, and the center shelters with isosceles triangle, circle, square, and two rectangles black cards whose areas are 2 cm2. Firstly, the results show that the partial shading causes disproportional high losses on those parameters of both cells but will have a minimal effect onVoc. Secondly, it is found that those parameters of the monocrystalline cell are less dependent on the shading than that of the multicrystalline cell. Thirdly, it is noted thatIscandIMPPof both cells will be decreasing dramatically as a rectangular black shading card with a long side parallel to cell’s finger, compared with that normal to cell’s finger. Finally, it can be seen that the effects of shading on the electrical parameters of both cells will be suppressed when the border lines of shading match the size of the shaded cell.
The characteristics of a solar cell, the short-circuit current (Isc), the open-circuit voltage (Voc), the maximum power point (Vm, Im), the fill factor (F F ) and the photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) under different illumination intensities and shading areas have been experimentally investigated. The work factor ω is given by ω = (1 − A/A0) × S/S0, where A0 is the total solar cell area, A the shading area, S0 the benchmark reference irradiation level, and S the new level of the irradiation, is introduced to take the light intensity and shading area into account. The results show that Isc and Im increase on an approximately linear increasing way with ω, but Voc and Vm approach the saturation levels. The reason is that the current is a linear function of ω, and the relationship of the voltage to ω is logarithmic. We also found Isc (Vm) to depend more on ω than Im (Voc). In addition, we observed that η tended to increase linearly with ω, but F F tended to converge to saturation. The reason for the behavior of η is the reduction in the contact resistance and in the electron-hole recombination with increasing ω. However, F F is mainly determined by Voc. The improvement in the solar cell performance with increasing ω results from an increase in the current, but not in the voltage or the fill factor.
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