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To solve the high viscosity of bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), its derivate AcBis-GMA substituting acetyl groups for hydroxyl groups was synthesised by the esterification reaction and mixed with tri(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as polymer matrix to fabricate dental resin restorative composites. To improve the degree of conversion (DC), polymerization shrinkage (PS) and wear resistance of resin-based composite (RBC) 58-12 filled with commercial microsize and nanosize (M/N) SiO 2 particles, bimodal silica nanostructures consisting of SiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) and SiO 2 nanoclusters (NCs) were introduced as inorganic fillers. Resin composites with different mass ratios of silanized SiO 2 NPs and SiO 2 NCs were fabricated under the light polymerisation, and the effect of filler compositions on these two properties, wear resistance (wear volume and worn surface morphology), and cytotoxicity assay of resin composites was investigated in this work. The results suggested that resin composites reinforced with bimodal silica nanostructures at the optimum ratio presented the improved performance, especially for RBC 35-35 (SiO 2 NPs:SiO 2 NCs535:35, wt/wt), which resulted in 16% enhancement in DC and 19% reduction of PS, the smoother and flatter worn surface after 10 000 wear cycles, as well as the excellent cytocompatibility, compared with those of RBC 58-12.This effective and facile way might provide a new sight to develop dental resin restorative composites for clinical application.