The built environment sector accounts for 40% of the UK's total carbon footprint; bio-based construction materials can play an important role in reducing the whole-life carbon of a new build. Straw bale construction is one of the most promising bio-based methods of construction, due to its availability and material properties. Among the declared benefits of straw bale construction are the internal regulation of heat and moisture and the ability of the fabric to dry out. This paper presents a long-term monitoring study aimed at understanding the indoor temperature and moisture balance of a straw bale cottage built in the UK to a near Passivhaus level. The study lasted 6 years, monitoring the temperature and relative humidity of the indoor and outdoor environments, and in ten locations within the straw bale walls. The analysis has shown that the indoor environment achieved thermal comfort throughout the monitoring period, even when the building was used intermittently. Also, an analysis of surface temperatures and a mould growth risk analysis identified very limited mould growth risk within the building fabric. This paper shows the potential of straw bale low-energy construction in providing thermal comfort and a durable building fabric while minimising the whole-life carbon of buildings.
Spent Nuclear Fuel P r o j e c t CVD Subprojectsupport D e f i n i t i v e Design. This CDR i s submitted f o r f i n a l approval and r e l e a s e t o (F)( 2. 6. .8. 9.10. 11. DOE Comments t o Cold Vacuum Drying System Conceptual Design Report, WHC-SD-SNF-CDR-003This f a c i l i t y should be as simple, temporary, and inexpensive as possible. Any function that could be provided outside o f the f a c i l i t y and could be used somewhere else a f t e r the two year design l i f e o f t h i s building i s desirable. I f the o f f i c e space, conference room, bathrooms, change rooms, etc. were i n t r a i l e r s o r other transportable modules, they could be used again elsewhere. This creates some salvage value, while minimizing decommissioning costs. This would save money as well as work t o address stakeholder concerns?The construction labor costs seem low. Workers a t Hanford can not be obtained t h i s inexpensively. Are these construction industry standard numbers?The weld location issue must be solved and i t s impacts factored i n as soon as possible. Although i t i s proper t o use 500mRlyr as an exposure l i m i t f o r the CDR, W H C should consider extending t h i s f o r actual operation.Deactivation and Decommissioning should be addressed i n a CDR. feature i s not addressed adequately here. A t least, cost estimates should be provided.Intro, page 3 -This discusses that Cat 3 i s assumed based on the fuel being contained i n the cask and MCO. It w i l l not be contained i n the cask while i n the CVD f a c i l i t y and may not even be contained within the MCO 13.14. 15.16. 17.18. 19.Sect 2, page 26 -This discusses a table o f interfaces with other subprojects.Sect 3, page 1 -It seems l i k e i t would make more sense l o g i s t i c a l l y t o modify the fence so construction occurs outside the fence and then the fence would be moved around the f a c i l i t y f o r operation. This minimizes security impacts on construction crews.Sect 3, page 5 -As discussed previously, the need f o r an administrative area f o r a two year f a c i l i t y appears t o be unwarranted.Sect 3 , page 8 -Are any other natural phenomena hazards (flood, wind, etc.) considered i n the CDR?Sect 3, page 19 -Section 3.4.1.2.17 i s the f i r s t place QA i s mentioned.Under 10 CFR 830.120, CVD must have a QA plan approved by DOE. Has t h i s been prepared? What i s the schedule i f not?Attach 2, pages 2 through 7 -The cask w i l l not be DOT certified. This i s an incorrect assumption.Attach 2, page 20, item 16 -QAP per lOCFR 830.120 i s s t i l l required, even i f we take our pedigree from 5700.6C.Attach 7, section 6.0 -Hopefully the ORR w i l l be subsumed i n t o a SNF ORR being p l anned.This Total Pages: # 3+43 TRADEMARK DISCLAIMER. trade name, tradenerk, manufacturer, or otheruise, does not necessarily c o n s t i t u t e or imply i t s e n d o r s e n t , r e c m n d a t i o n , or favoring by the united States G o v e r m n t or any agency thereof or i t s contractors or subcontractors.P r i n t e d i n the Unit...
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