Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of antimicrobial activity of 11 samples of stingless bee honey compared to medicinal, table and artificial honeys. Methods and Results: Activity was assessed by agar diffusion, agar dilution, broth microdilution and time-kill viability assays. By agar dilution, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges were 4% to >10% (w ⁄ v) for Gram-positive bacteria, 6% to >16% (w ⁄ v) for Gram-negative bacteria and 6% to >10% (w ⁄ v) for Candida spp. By broth microdilution, all organisms with the exception of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were inhibited at £32% (w ⁄ v). Geometric MIC (w ⁄ v) means for stingless bee honeys ranged from 7AE1% to 16AE0% and were 11AE7% for medicinal honey and 26AE5% for table honey. Treatment of organisms with 20% (w ⁄ v) stingless bee honey for 60 min resulted in decreases of 1-3 log for Staphylococcus aureus, >3 log for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and <1 log for C. albicans. Similar treatment with each control honey resulted in decreases of <1 log for all organisms. Conclusions: Stingless bee honey has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity although activity against Candida was limited. Stingless bee honey samples varied in activity and the basis for this remains to be determined. Significance and Impact of the Study: Stingless bee honey had similar activity to medicinal honey and may therefore have a role as a medicinal agent.
An evaluation of the anti-
M. abscessus
activity expressed by a novel oxazolidinone, contezolid (MRX-I), toward 12 reference strains and 194 clinical isolates was conducted. Contezolid was active against
M. abscessus
in vitro
, and comparable to the anti-
M. abscessus
effects of linezolid both extracellularly and intracellularly. Contezolid did not antagonize the most frequently used anti-
M. abscessus
drugs nor did pre-exposure to contezolid induce drug resistance. These results provide a novel approach to treating
M. abscessus
infections.
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