In this work, using a two-dimensional Particle In Cell-Monte Carlo Collision simulation method, a comparative study is performed on the influences of different types of atomic and molecular gases at various background gas pressures on the generation of broadband and intense Terahertz (THz) radiation via the application of two-color laser pulses. These two modes are focused into Argon (Ar), Xenon (Xe), Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2), and air as the background gaseous media and the plasma channel is created. It is observed that the THz radiation emission dramatically changes due to the propagation effects. A wider THz pulse is emitted from the formed plasma channel at the higher gas pressures. The significant effects of the propagation features of the emitted THz pulse on its energy at the longer lengths of the plasma channel are observed.
In this work, using a two-dimensional kinetic model based on particle in cell-Monte Carlo collision simulation method, the influence of different parameters on the broadband intense Terahertz (THz) radiation generation via application of two-color laser fields, i.e., the fundamental and second harmonic modes, is studied. These two modes are focused into the molecular oxygen (O2) with uniform density background gaseous media and the plasma channels are created. Thus, a broadband THz pulse that is around the plasma frequency is emitted from the formed plasma channel and co-propagates with the laser pulse. For different laser pulse shapes, the THz electric field and its spectrum are both calculated. The effects of laser pulse and medium parameters, i.e., positive and negative chirp pulse, number of laser cycles in the pulse, laser pulse shape, background gas pressure, and exerted DC electric field on THz spectrum are verified. Application of a negatively chirped femtosecond (40 fs) laser pulse results in four times enhancement of the THz pulse energy (2 times in THz electric field). The emission of THz radiation is mostly observed in the forward direction.
The post version of the four-body Born distorted wave method (BDW-4B) is applied to calculate the total cross section for single electron exchange in the collision of hydrogen-like projectiles with hydrogen atom. The post form of transition amplitude is obtained in terms of two-dimensional real integrals which can be computed numerically. This second-order theory which satisfies the correct boundary conditions is used for the collision of
with hydrogen atoms at intermediate and high impact energies. The validity of our results is assessed in comparison with available experimental data and other theories.
In this work, differential cross sections have been calculated for the excitation of atomic hydrogen (H) from its ground state (1s) into a selection of its excited states (2s, 2p0, 2p±1 and 3s). The present study was conducted at intermediate and high proton impact energies within the range 50 keV–1 MeV. A three-body model based on Faddeev-type equations is implemented, while near the energy shell the two-body Coulomb transition matrix was used to calculate the transition amplitude. Second and higher order approximations have been ignored in this case. The resulting amplitudes are subsequently utilized to calculate total and differential cross sections for the corresponding excitation processes. These calculated cross sections have then been compared with available experimental data and other theoretical results from the literature.
We derive an exact analytic form for the second-order nuclear amplitudes, under the Faddeev three-body approach, which is applicable to the nonrelativistic high energy impact interaction where positronium is formed in the collision of a positron with an atom.
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