Background::
Antidepressant (AD) and anticonvulsants (AC) medications are widely prescribed to treat neuro-psychiatric disorders and a broad range of other comorbidities. Interpatient variability in response to a given drug is a large challenge in psychiatry and neurology. Clinically similar patient’s often experience vastly different outcomes (higher or lower levels than the therapeutic range and/or adverse effects) from the same drug at similar doses. The variability in drug response is highly complex and can be attributed to the polymedication, genetic polymorphisms modulating drug-metabolizing enzyme activities (cytochromes P450, CYP), physiological and environmental factors. These identified sources of variability in drug responses makes biotransformation center of personalized treatment strategies.
Objective::
The main objective of this review is deeply discuss the role of biotransformation in the occurrence of antidepres-sant and anticonvulsant induced inter individual variabilities with the focus of genetic variations and drug interactions.
Methods::
We conducted an extensive search of the literature related to biotransformation of the antidepressant and anticon-vulsant agents available on relationships between genetic differences and interactions on available databases.
Results::
In the present review, we provided an overview of documented clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interac-tions, physiological and environmental differences. We further discuss the significance of genetic variations in drug metabo-lizing enzymes to underline the need for using information on both genotype and drug interactions towards implementing better clinical outcomes through personalized medicine in neurology and psychiatry.
Conclusions::
The genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes underline the need for using information on both geno-type and drug interactions towards implementing better clinical outcomes through personalized medicine in neurology and psychiatry.
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