Photovoltaic panels (PVs) are growing in terms of development and utilization all over the world. Different manufacturers deliver photovoltaic panel characteristics according to the locations where they are tested. Since there are different technological materials used in the manufacturing of PVs, the present research represents an effective method of prediction of the energy produced by the photovoltaic systems and an acceptable method of their characterization by using an experimental setup. The prediction of the energy produced by a photovoltaic system is generally made through software which uses algorithms that describe the trend of the efficiency of the panels depending on the temperature, the radiation and, in more particular cases, depending on the incident spectrum features.The characterization of PV module or panel is an important objective in order to determine its performance, specifically in terms of the maximum power point P max , which is usually evaluated by varying the forward bias voltage across the device under test while illuminated. The I-V curve is then recorded by measuring the current and voltage. Unfortunately, the determination of P max is not easy because it is a function of the total and spectral irradiance incident upon the device, the spatial and temporal uniformity of the irradiance, and the temperature of the device. It can even be function of the voltage sweep rate and direction, as well as the voltage biasing history. Beyond the maximum power point, the power conversion efficiency η, defined as the power out divided by the power in, is proportional to P max , and also to radiometric and physical quantities, so max P AG η =in which A and G are the physical area of the device and the total incident irradiance respectively. Accurate assessment of PV performance requires knowledge of the potential measurement issues and how these problems are influenced by the specific device to be tested. The problems with measurement comparisons for different PV modules bring to the idea of standard reporting conditions SRC, also called standard test conditions, STC, which consist of the device temperature, the total irradiance, and the spectral irradiance under which PV performance measurements [1] [2] are made or corrected to. Using SRC allows performance comparisons to be made within the error uncertainty limits of the measurements involved. The PV current-voltage measurements are made in a simple way. The device under test is illuminated, the load is varied, and the operating point of the device under test changes, which allows the current and voltage points to be captured along the I-V curve [3] as indicated in fig.1 while fig.2 illustrates the P-V curves. Fig.1 Typical current-voltage curves of PV cellDifferent methods for modeling the energy production of photovoltaic systems have been presented, ranging from those using measure-correlate-predict [4] to those based on physical device models [5]. In between there are models which parameterize laboratory measurements, matrix methods and reali...
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