Background Neo-vascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) (an advanced form of macular degeneration) is the main cause of visual impairment in older adults related to AMD. WHO has estimated that approximately 8 million people will be affected by AMD by the year 2020. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a novel imaging modality that permits direct visualization of the retinal and choroidal vasculature in vivo. In OCTA, high-frequency and dense volumetric scanning are made to detect blood flow by analyzing the signal decorrelation between scans. Compared with stationary areas of the retina, the movement of erythrocytes within a vessel makes a decorrelated signal. Unlike traditional angiography, OCTA does not necessitate the use of exogenous dyes, so avoiding potential side effects, such as nausea or other more serious adverse events. However, the role of OCTA as a diagnostic tool has not been largely investigated. Particularly, very few clinical studies have assessed the accuracy of OCTA imaging for the diagnosis of nAMD. Aim of the Work To highlight the benefits of using OCT-A in the diagnosis and management of wet AMD and compare it with the conventional angiographic standard, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Subjects and Methods An interventional prospective comparative study will be conducted on 40 eyes diagnosed with wet AMD. Optical coherence tomography angiography and FFA will be done for all eyes. Analysis of the data obtained from the OCT-A will be done and compared with the standard FFA. Conclusion AMD is the leading cause of vision loss. Early detection and treatment is required. AMD is diagnosed by fundus examination, FA, and OCTA. OCTA and FA imaging provide complementary information about pathological changes in chorioretinal diseases. OCTA is highly sensitive for identifying AMD, CNV, and CNV activity; however, it cannot fully replace FA in the diagnosis of AMD.
Background Pterygium is a degenerative disorder of the conjunctiva which leads to encroachment of bulbar conjunctiva onto the cornea. This invasion causes irritation of ocular surface, irregular astigmatism and loss of visual acuity.surgical treatment of pterygium is directrd towards excision, prevention of recurrence and restoration of ocular surface integrity. A myriad of techniques have been described for achieving these goals. Tha main complication of these procedures is the recurrence rate, which has been estimated as high as 30%_70%. Purpose to compare the efficiency of limbal stem cell transplantation versus dry amniotic membrane transplantation in treatment of pterygium. Patients and Methods The study carried out at ophthalmology department, Ain shams university and included 20 eyes which were classified into two groups; first group included 10 eyes of patients underwent pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation. Second group included 10 eyes of patients underwent pterygium excision with limbal stem cell transplantation. Results the mean follow up duration was 1-3 months in both groups. On comparing recurrence rate between the studied groups which occurred only in the first group in two eyes 20%, there is no statistically significant difference found between the studied groups as regard recurrence. But it was statistically significant better with limbal conjunctival autografting. Graft rejection was not detected in the two groups during follow up period. There was no statistically significant difference found between the studied groups as regard clinical stability and graft rejection. Conclusion Limbal stem cell transplantation proved to be better than amniotic membrane transplantation in treatment of pterygium. As it is more effective in prevention of pterygium reccurence as well as it is of lower cost and better availability than amniotic membrane.
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