A Health Education Programme for adults with learning difficulties is described. Health Education for this group has often been neglected with limited resources available, especially in relation to tobacco use. The programme described aims to redress this issue by providing a package, which effectively presents information, in a manner which is sensitive to the needs and abilities of this particular group, on the health and social issues of smoking. Two case examples are presented to illustrate how the package is effective in both group and individual settings.
Six groups were tested: 20 depressed, 10 manic, 10 schizophrenic, 10 alcoholic and 10 physically ill patients, and 10 recovered depressed patients. They were administered repertory grids whose 10 elements were role titles and which employed 12 elicited constructs and one provided construct. After principal component analysis of each grid, measures were derived of 'cognitive simplicity' (Chetwynd, 1977), 'monolithic' and 'articulated' structure (Makhlouf-Norris et al., 1970), 'integration of self and others', and 'self-esteem'. Although neither the depressed nor the manic group differed from all the other groups on any measure, there was a tendency for the depressed patients to be characterized by grids which showed relative 'cognitive simplicity', and 'monolithic' but 'unarticulated' structure, a large perceived distance between self and others, and low 'self-esteem' and for the manic patients to have relatively 'complex' (or confused) grids, with 'unarticulated' structure, a small 'self-other' distance and high 'self-esteem'.
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