An experiment was conducted during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 growing seasons at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum. The experiment aimed to study the influence of ammonium nitrate and potassium humate on chemical composition of Calendula officinalis, L. plant under two types of soil. The laid-out in a splitsplit plot arranged in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Soil media was considered as main plot in form of two types (clay & sand loamy soils), while nitrogen fertilizer was in sub-plot in form of ammonium nitrate (33.5% N) at rate of (0, 3 and 6 g/plant) and humic acid was in sub-subplot in form of potassium humate (85%) at rate of (0, 1 and 2 g/plant). The subsub-plot was contained five pots.The obtained results showed that the interaction between (6gm/plant) ammonium nitrate and (2gm/plant) potassium humate increased N, P, K % compared with the control.Calendula plants treated with the interaction between ammonium nitrate and potassium humate increased the pigments contents such as (Beta carotene and Xanthophyll ) in dry ray flowers as compared to untreated plants.

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The present study was carried out in field during the growing seasons 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 to investigate the effect of macronutrients at the rates of N (75 and 100 kg /fed). P 2 O 5 (32 and 50 kg./fed.) and K 2 O (24 and 36 kg./fed.) and the mixture of micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn at the rate of 2%) on growth, yield and chemical constituents of chamomile plants. The data obtained from the study show that the treated plants with the high rates of macronutrients (NPK) either alone or in combination with each others increased all the studied characters such as growth parameters (plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weights of plant), yield (number of inflorescences/plant, fresh and dry weights of inflorescences/plant and dry yield /fed.) and some chemical constituents such as (N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn, pigments and total carbohydrates). Also yield of oil (oil percentage, oil yield/ plant and fedann) Generally, the maximum increase of the previous characters was obtained by the treatment which contain the high rate of NPK fertilizers (100, 50 and 36 kg/fed., respectively) either alone or in combination with spraying chamomile plants with micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) at the concentration of 2%.Therefore, under newly reclaimed soil conditions prefer fertilization chamomile plants with (100, 50 and 36 kg/fed. from NPK fertilizers, respectively in combination with micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) at the concentration 2% to obtain the good yield from the plants. Key words: Chamomile plants, macro and micronutrients, growth, yield, chemical constituents. INTRODUCTIONNowdays, more tendency for cultivation of aromatic plants has been shown in Egypt in order to cover the increasing demands of the local industries and it is a good source of hard currency.In Egypt the chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) Family Asteraceae is found in its wild state (Tackholm, 1974) and was well to ancient Egyptians as an aromatic plant and it has many medicinal uses. Mild infusion of the chamomile flowers is used as a remedy against fever, in digestion, intestinal pain, as a mild tonic and antispasmodic. The flowers are applied externally against inflammation or irritation. The oil is also used as a flavoring agent in fine liqueurs and is also used in cosmetics. Chamozulene is responsible the blue color of the oil.The increasing demand on chamomile for the pharmaceutical industries encouraged the investigators to perform studies leading to increase the quantity and improve the quality of the extracted active ingredients.Under newly reclaimed soils, there is an evidence for a general decline in macro and micronutrients that can affect plant growth and yield. Using such nutrients in the fertilization of these plants, i.e. they are able to unit

A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of foliar spray with GA 3 on growth and chemical composition of damsisa plants (Ambrosia maritima L) grown under saline conditions. Results revealed that increasing the concentration of salts reduced, plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, stem diameter, root length, as well as the fresh and dry weight of leaves and roots. Under saline conditions chlorophyll, a. b and total carotenoids, total carbohydrates, total indols, N, P and K were markedly reduced. However, total free amino acids, proline, total and reducing sugars, total and free phenols, Na and total sesquiterpene lactones content in leaves were increased. Treatment with GA 3 at 100 ppm nullified the harmful effect of salinity and increased sail tolerance by increasing synthesis of different metabolites (sugars, free amino acids, proline and phenols) and enhancing biochemical and physiological processes and consequently increase the biosynthesis and accumulation of the major active constituent (sesquiterpene lactones) which have an insecticidal activity against bilharzias.

Effects of the three nitrogen sources (namely, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea) each at the rates of 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg/fed., on vegetative, yield, anatomical characters and chemical constituents of damsisa plants were studied. The experiment was carried out as a pot experiment in Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University during the two successive seasons (2006/2007 and 2007/2008). The results obtained showed that, all sources of nitrogen fertilizer greatly increased growth parameters. All treatments (mainly, urea and ammonium sulphate) greatly increased chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids in the leaves and total carbohydrates, N, P and K contents of herb. All treatments (especially, ammonium sulphate) increased stem section diameter, due to the increase in paraenchymatous and vascular tissues. All N sources greatly increased section diameter of leaf petiole, midvein thickness, blade thickness and dimensions of the vascular bundle as well as diameter of xylem vessels. Treating plants by ammonium sulphate greatly increased total sesquiterpene lactones. The greatest increase was observed on most previous botanical characters by ammonium sulphate. Thus, it can be recommended to use ammonium sulphate as nitrogen fertilizer for improving a yield and quality of damsisa plants under sandy soil conditions.