The electrochemical properties of
LiMn2O4
and
LiMyMn2−yO4 false(M=normalTi,normalGe,normalFe,normalZn,normalor Nifalse)
were studied for different conditions of sample preparation and different degrees of cation substitution
false(yfalse)
. In the voltage range 3.5–4.5 V, cells of either spinel
LiMn2O4
or
λ‐MnO2
(made by leaching the Li from
LiMn2O4
) reversibly insert 0.4 Li per Mn at an average voltage of 4.1 V, leading to an energy density of 480 Wh/kg of cathode. Cells cycled 50 times lost less than 10% of their initial capacity, suggesting that this material could be used instead of
LiCoO2
or
LiNiO2
as the cathode in the new generation of “rocking chair batteries.” Replacing Mn with cations of valence 2 (Ni, Zn) or 3 (Fe) reduces the amount of Mn+3 and correspondingly reduces the capacity of the cells at 4.1 V, but does not affect their cycling performance.
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