Seeds A gronomy J our n al • Volu me 10 0 , I s sue 4 • 2 0 0 8 1205 ABSTRACT Hooded windmillgrass (Chloris cucullata Bisch.) and shortspike windmillgrass (C. subdolichostachya Muell.) are native grasses with potential for restoration of wildlife habitat. Th is study was conducted to characterize variability in windmillgrass seed quality as aff ected by temperature and precipitation. Seed-fi ll was superior in 2005 with 18% compared with 10 and 5% obtained in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Hooded ecotypes had higher seed-fi ll with 17% compared with 8% in shortspike ecotypes. No diff erences were found in seed viability among years, species, or ecotypes. Average seed dormancy was greatest in 2005 and 2003 with 82 and 81%, respectively, compared with 75% for 2004. Shortspike 9085283 (S-283) and 9085260 (S-260) ecotypes showed greater seed dormancy with values of 94 and 89%, respectively, compared to 73 and 62% for Hooded 9085313 (H-313) and 9085301 (H-301), respectively. Seed germination was highest in 2005 (83%), and the lowest (71%) in 2004. Th e H-313 and H-301 ecotypes showed the greatest seed germination with 86 and 83%, respectively, compared with 69 and 67% obtained by S-283 and S-260, respectively. We concluded that windmillgrasses are well adapted to variable environments and even when variability existed seed quality was acceptable.
Hooded windmillgrass (Chloris cucullata Bisch.) and shortspike windmillgrass (C. subdolichostachya Muell.) are native perennial grasses with potential for planting on highly erodible sites and on sites where introduced species are not desired. However, in both species, seeds are dormant resulting in poor germination. The objectives of this study were to evaluate effects of lemma and palea removal and caryopsis scarification on seed germination of 8 outstanding ecotypes selected in previous studies for survival and growth characteristics. Seed treatments were 1) whole seed, 2) naked caryopsis, 3) scarified naked caryopsis (30 s), 4) scarified naked caryopsis (50 s), and 5) scarified naked caryopsis (60 s). Germination conditions were 12 h dark 208C and 12 h light 308C. Seed lot viability varied from 55% to 62% for shortspike windmillgrass ecotypes and from 71% to 78% for hooded windmillgrass ecotypes. Initial germination index (MIR 10 ) of naked caryopsis for shortspike windmillgrass ecotypes ranged from 16.3 to 21.6, compared to range from 0.2 to 0.6 to whole seed; whereas hooded windmillgrass ecotypes MIR 10 ranged from 30.6 to 33.0 to naked caryopsis, compared to range from 5.8 to 8.0 to whole seed. The greatest total germination (P , 0.05) was obtained with naked caryopsis for all ecotypes and the scarification treatments did not have a positive effect on this parameter. As scarification time increased the total germination decreased. Lemma and palea removal improved (P , 0.05) total germination for all studied ecotypes. ResumenHooded windmillgrass (Chloris cucullata Bisch.) y shortspike windmillgrass (C. subdolichostachya Muell.) son pastos nativos con alto potencial para establecerse en sitios altamente degradados y/o en á reas donde las especies introducidas son no deseadas. No obstante, en ambas especies la semilla presenta dormancia ocasionando pobres resultados en germinació n. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar los efectos de remoció n de la lemma y palea, y escarificació n del cariopsis sobre la germinació n de semillas en 8 ecotipos previamente seleccionados por características de sobrevivencia y crecimiento. Los tratamientos a la semilla fueron 1) semilla completa, 2) cariopsis desnudo, 3) cariopsis desnudo escarificado (30 s), 4) cariopsis desnudo escarificado (50 s), y 5) cariopsis desnudo escarificado (60 s). Las condiciones de germinació n fueron 12 h obscuridad 208C y 12 h luz 308C. La viabilidad de las semillas varió de 55% a 62% para los ecotipos de shortspike y de 71% a 78% para los ecotipos de hooded. El índice de germinació n inicial (MIR 10 ) de cariopsis desnudo para los ecotipos de shortspike varió de 16.3 a 21.6 comparado con un rango de 0.2 a 0.6 en semilla semilla completa; mientras que en ecotipos de hooded windmillgrass el MIR 10 vario de 30.6 a 33.0 en cariopsis desnudo comparado con un rango de 5.8 a 8.0 en semilla completa. La mayor germinació n total (P , 0.05) fue obtenida con cariopsis desnudo en todos los ecotipos y los tratamientos de escarificació n no tu...
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