SUMMARYA field experiment was conducted to quantify changes in soil aggregation and aggregate-associated soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration 1, 3, 5 and 10 years after abandoned, salinized land in the Manasi River Basin was reclaimed for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Results showed that reclamation significantly increased SOC concentrations and SOC stocks. Specifically, 10 years of cotton production increased SOC concentrations by 45% in the 0–60 cm depth and SOC stocks by 35%. The SOC concentrations and stocks decreased as soil depth increased. Reclamation time, season and soil depth had significant interaction effects on SOC. The SOC concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with available soil nitrogen and available soil phosphorus. Compared with abandoned farmland, macro-aggregate-associated (>250 µm) SOC concentrations in the 0–60 cm depth increased by 47% after 5 years of cotton production and by 53% after 10 years of cotton production. The contribution of macro-aggregate-associated SOC to total SOC in the 0–60 cm depth increased by 87% after 5 years of cotton production and by 69% after 10 years of cotton production. The findings indicate that soil aggregates were more stable after abandoned, salinized farmland was reclaimed for cotton production. Furthermore, cotton production can increase SOC concentrations and sequester C in this arid area.
A cavitator, with a structure of an annular conical aperture, a throat and a collapse cavity, was proposed to form a choking cavitation flow for pollutants degradation in wastewater treatment. Experiment was conducted in this new cavitator to investigate its flow characteristics and pollutant degradation ratio by employing Mythylene blue (MB) as a pollutant in pure water. It was found that choking cavitation flow appears in the throat by controlling the pump pressure and liquid flow rate in a rule. The pollutant degradation ratio in choking cavitation flow is much larger than that in normal cavitation flow, because plenty of cavitation vapours are born, grow up, and finally collapse in this cavitator in the choking cavitation condition. Gemetrical parameters also affect pollutant degradation ratio, and the optimal gemetrical parameters for this proposed cavitator are suggested.
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