Being biodegradable and biocompatible are crucial characteristics for biomaterial used for medical and biomedical applications. Vegetable oil-based polyols are known to contribute both the biodegradability and biocompatibility of polyurethanes; however, petrochemical-based polyols were often incorporated to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of polyurethane. In this work, palm oil-based polyester polyol (PPP) derived from epoxidized palm olein and glutaric acid was reacted with isophorone diisocyanate to produce an aliphatic polyurethane, without the incorporation of any commercial petrochemical-based polyol. The effects of water content and isocyanate index were investigated. The polyurethanes produced consisted of > 90% porosity with interconnected micropores and macropores (37–1700 µm) and PU 1.0 possessed tensile strength and compression stress of 111 kPa and 64 kPa. The polyurethanes with comparable thermal stability, yet susceptible to enzymatic degradation with 7–59% of mass loss after 4 weeks of treatment. The polyurethanes demonstrated superior water uptake (up to 450%) and did not induce significant changes in pH of the medium. The chemical changes of the polyurethanes after enzymatic degradation were evaluated by FTIR and TGA analyses. The polyurethanes showed cell viability of 53.43% and 80.37% after 1 and 10 day(s) of cytotoxicity test; and cell adhesion and proliferation in cell adhesion test. The polyurethanes produced demonstrated its potential as biomaterial for soft tissue engineering applications.

Palm oil-based polyester polyol was synthesized by reacting epoxidized palm olein with malonic acid under a convenient one-pot synthesis method. The optimum reaction time, temperature, and functionality molar ratio were determined. The optimal polyol consisted of hydroxyl and acid values of 98.19 and 1.44 mg KOH/g sample, 95% conversion of epoxides and M n of 5201 Da; and the chemical structure was elucidated by Fourier transform infrared , Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 1 H-NMR. The polyol was appeared as light-yellowish liquid with cloud and pour points of 12 and 10 C and reacted with isophorone diisocyanate to produce polyurethane with interconnected pores ranged 35-2165 μm, porosity ranged 89-90%, tensile strength ranged 59-78 kPa, and compression stress ranged 48-55 kPa. The polyurethanes showed 120-260% water-uptake and controlled mass loss (1.6-15.3%) after 28 days of enzymatic degradation. PU 1 demonstrated slight cytotoxicity with cell proliferation and adhesion observed after 24 h incubation, demonstrated its potential as biomaterial for biomedical applications.PU 1, PU 2, and PU 3 were synthesized by reacting polyester polyol with IPDI at isocyanate index of 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4, respectively. ARTICLEWILEYONLINELIBRARY.COM/APP