Page FIGUBE 1. Map of Chamberlin Glacier area_-__-___ C-2 2. Dissolved solids of major hydrologic units. 3. Relations of ions to total concentration.__._ 4. Response in concentration of Chamberlin Creek to dilution ______________________ 5. Relation of water hardness to stream dis-charge________________________________ 6. Particle-size gradation of bed material______ FIGUBE 7. Diurnal variation of water discharge, turbidity, and suspended-sediment concentration. ___________-_____-_-_-__-_ 8. Relation of clay and of silt and clay concentration to turbidity_ ___________________ 9. Concentration of suspended sand in relation to water discharge_____________________ 10. Daily water and sediment discharge_____-__
EXPLANATION o5 ae 47 Stock, domestic, or unused well @20 be Irrigation well -<;r31 aa Public-supply, industrial, or railroad well CA Sample collected for chemical analysis Escarpment
Introduction _________________________________________ _._ Purpose and scope of investigation____________________________ Methods of investigation.__________________________ _ Literature pertaining to region____________________________ Well-numbering system__________________________ ___ Acknowledgments...._____________________________ 11 Geography________________________________________________ Location and extent of area___________________________________ 11 Topography and drainage____________________________ __ Climate_____________________________________ Agriculture-__________________________________ _ Geologic formations and their relation to ground water.-_______________ Tertiary system-__________________________________ Chadron formation.___________________________________ Brule formation_________________________________________ Arikaree group_____ _ ____ ____________ Ogallala formation_______________________________ Quaternary system_________________________________________ Ground water___________________________________ 21 Occurrence.-________________________________________________ Hydrologic properties of the water-bearing formations. _____________ Configuration of the water table and movement of ground water_ _ _ _ Depth to water____________________________________________ Water-level fluctuations-__________________________________ Recharge._______ _____________________________________________ Precipitation______________________________________________ Irrigation______ _________________________________ Discharge- .-______________________________________________ Evaporation and transpiration_________________________ Streams and springs._________________________ 31 Wells_____________________________________ Irrigation___________________________________________ Public supply.____________________ _ Domestic and stock use_______________________________ Industrial use_______________________________ Underflow from the area_____________________________ Ground water for irrigation...______________________ 36 Potential development. .. __________________________________ Effect of pump irrigation on streamflow___________________ Chemical quality of the water, by F. H. Rainwater_____________ Upper Niobrara River basin__________________________________ Relation of groundwater quality to geologic source._________ 41 Suitability of ground water for irrigation.____________________ Closed-basins area..___________________________________________ Conclusions___________________________________________________ Logs of wells and test holes_______________________________ Index. _________________________________________________ m GEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF THE UPPER NIOBRARA RIVER BASIN, ^NEBRASKA AND WYOMING
With the equations presented in this paper, the standard errors of the mean and the standard deviation of systematic samples of stream quality over finite periods of time can be inferred easily with accuracy sufficient for most uses and interpretations of sample data. These formulas are based on a modification of the conventional error formulas used with the random series. The number of measurements in the stream sample is adjusted with a probable efficiency coefficient to reflect an effectively equivalent number of measurements from a random series.
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