This study concerns the posterior ramus of the second cervical spinal n., or greater occipital of Arnold. By means of dissections in formalin embalmed cadavers, an attempt was made to define its winding course and to locate it in relation to clinical or radiographic landmarks, so as to provide a guide for infiltration of the nerve with local anesthetic. At the same time a dynamic study was made to elucidate the relations of the nerve to adjacent structures during the different movements of the neck. This allowed us to propose clinical tests of nerve involvement and to reveal the zones where the nerve is anatomically vulnerable.

Levamisole-induced vasculopathy is characterized by a female predominance, skin involvement, ANCA and/or APL antibody positivity, leukopenia, vasculitis or vascular thrombotic histological lesions, and despite possible systemic involvement, a favourable outcome with levamisole interruption.

Summary. The authors report on the internal arrangement of 130 ilio-caval junctions. 121 endovenous formations were found in 88 specimens. A new classification is proposed based on five types of structures: central spurs, adhesions, bridges, valves and bands. Their frequency, their morphology, their dimensions and their effects on the calibre of the vein are considered in detail. Microscopical study helps with an understanding of the origin of these formations. An exhaustive study of the literature has made it possible to compare the present results with those of previous authors. Configuration interne du confluent ilio-caveR6sum6. Les auteurs 6tudient la configuration interne de 130 confluents ilio-caves. 88 pi6ces sont porteuses de 121 formations endo-veineuses. Une nouveUe classification proposSe ici distingue 5 types de formations: les 6perons centraux, les adh6rences, les ponts, les valvules et les brides. Leur frSquence, leur morphologie, leurs dimensions et leur retentissement sur le calibre veineux sont envisag6s en d6tail. L'6tude microscopique aide /l comprendre l'origine de ces formations. Une 6tude exhaustive de la litt6rature permet de comparer ces r6sultats fi ceux des auteurs pr6c6dents. Key words: Ilio caval junctions -Endovenous formations -Ilio caval thrombosis -Cockett syndromeThe ilio-caval junction is formed by the union of the two common iliac veins (vena iliaca communis) which drain virtually the whole of the lower limbs. The left common iliac vein (v. iliaca communis sinistra) is anatomically in a position to slow the venous circulation as it returns from the lower limb. This may be explained on two accounts. The left common iliac vein (VICS) is compressed on the lumbar spine by the common right iliac artery (a. iliaca communis dextra); this compression has been carefully studied by radiologists, in particular by Chermet (1979) in this journal. The second anatomical consideration is represented by the endovenous structures within the VICS which are the subject of this study. Several anatomical studies have looked at these lesions since the middle of the last century. L'Aulnoit (1854) was the first to indicate their existence in his thesis entitled "membranous folds in the common iliac veins". Following this, while several authors such as Friedreich (1882), Micheli (1939), Lev and Saphir (1952), Miles et al. (1973), may only have remarked upon these structures, others have described them in greater detail : Mac Murrich (i 906, 1908), Nagayo and Nakayama (1912), Okamoto (1922), Schilling (1926, Kristenson (1930), Akanuma and Yusuriha (1932), Ferrari (1940a, 1940b) Ehrich and Krumbhaar (1943, DiDio (1949), Fellus (1954, the only French author, May and Thurner (1957), Negus etal. (1968) and finally Sztankay and Szabo (1969).Our own studies were based on 130 specimens; its aims were to: -establish the frequency of endo-venous structures in the ilio-caval junction, -suggest a different classification from that used previously, based on their shape and situation, -attempt to quantify their eff...

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