Effective hard x-ray spectrum of a tabletop Mather-type plasma focus optimized for flash radiography of metallic objects J. Appl. Phys. 102, 123303 (2007) Hard x-ray source for flash radiography based on a 2.5 kJ plasma focus A compact tabletop plasma focus suitable for hard x-ray imaging applications is presented. The hard x-ray emission was characterized by means of an effective energy analysis, based on images obtained with a single shot. The effective energy of the radiation was estimated to be around 83 keV from radiographic images of metallic pieces. Numerical calculations, based on validated codes, are presented to give a quantitative interpretation of the experimental results. Experimental demonstration of the suitability of this device for introspective imaging of metallic pieces is also given.
The 2MHz radio-frequency inductively coupled plasma heating (ICP RF) of Linac4's IS03 Hsource is more efficient without its octupole cusp in offset hallbach configuration. This was shown by Particle in cell Monte-Carlo (PIC-MC) simulation using the NINJA software [1] and confirmed by plasma characterization via optical emission spectroscopy [2,3], an easier plasma ignition is also anticipated. In this paper, we present preliminary results of an Alumina plasma chamber IS03 Hsource [4] operated without magnetic cusp. Operation under monthly cesiation induces a slow evolution of the molybdenum cesiated surface correlated with an increase of the co-extracted electron yield. An improved stability of the extracted Hbeam is achieved by compensating the Cs-losses. The high intensity option for Linac4 features an adaptation of BNL's Magnetron. Simulation of this complex H2-Cs arc discharge plasma, where electrons are emitted from a cesiated molybdenum cathode, requires characterization of the plasma impedance and knowledge of hydrogen and cesium densities. We present a measurement of plasma impedance over the range of discharge current, hydrogen and cesium-densities.
Abstract.Linac4 cesiated surface H -sources are routinely operated for the commissioning of the CERN's Linac4 and on an ion source test stand. Stable current of 40-50 mA are achieved but the transmission through the LEBT of 80% was below expectations and triggered additional beam simulation and characterization. The H -beam profile is not Gaussian and emittance measurements are larger than simulation. The status of ongoing development work is described; 36 mA H -and 20 mA D -beams were produced with a 5.5 mm aperture cesiated surface ion source. The emittances measured at the test stand are presented. During a preliminary test, the Linac4 proton source delivered a total beam intensity of 70 mA (p, H2 + , H3 + ).
A plasma focus device capable of operating at 0.2 pulses per second during several minutes is used as a source of hard x-rays and fast neutrons. An experimental demonstration of the use of the neutrons emissions for radiation probing of hydrogenated substances is presented, showing a particular application in detecting water concentrations differences in the proximity of the device by elastic scattering. Moreover, the device produces ultrashort hard x-rays pulses useful for introspective images of small objects, static or in fast motion, suitable for the identification of internal submillimetric defects. Clear images of metallic objects shielded by several millimeters iron walls are shown.
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