Ice pile-up and ride-up are common occurrences along beaches in the sub-Arctic and Arctic. An understanding of the factors which lead to pile-up is important for design of a defensive strategy to prevent damage to coastal installations.Since ice action on a sloping beach is complex, an experimental model study was undertaken to determine the factors which promote ice pile-up. The factors varied in this study were the freeboard, slope, and roughness of the beach. One experiment was performed to observe the effectiveness of a shore defense structure against ice ride-up.
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