Composites are a group of materials that for several years have been attracting the attention of the international scientific community, these materials combine the properties of two or more types of materials to make a new one with better properties than those of their precursors, without them react chemically.
This paper presents a study about the manufacture of new composite materials of wood sawdust dust, obtained by hot pressing at 180 ° C and reinforced with natural fibers from Peru (alpaca wool and ichu). The mean apparent density found for all the compounds was around 1.21 g/cm3 and the values of maximum stress and modulus of elasticity reported were in the range of 77 - 95 MPa and 3.5 - 4.1 GPa, respectively. The microstructures found for all the compounds consist of a continuous and homogeneous matrix of lignin (from wood) with short fibers of alpaca and ichu wool, dispersed in the continuous matrix.
Reinforced geopolymeric mortars were obtained by mixing mine tailing, fine sand, alpaca wool fibers ( in variable amounts) sodium hydroxide and potable water, it was possible to verify the effect of the addition of alpaca wool on the mechanical behavior in uniaxial compression of the mortars studied. The mechanical data found revealed a systematic decrease in the maximum stress as the volume of wool added in the mortar mixtures manufactured increased. On the other hand, a higher degree of deformation was verified in mixtures with a greater volume of added fibers, reaching deformation values of up to 5%. The maximum strength values were in the range of 4 to 21 MPa for samples with 8 and 0 Vol. % of added fibers, respectively. Among the microstructural characteristics of the mortars studied, a continuous binder phase corresponding to the geopolymer could be appreciated, with sand particles and wool fibers dispersed within the binder phase. The real density and average porosity of the reinforced mortars were 2.65 g/cm3 and 32%, respectively.
Reinforced geopolymeric mortars were manufactured by mixing mining tailings, fine sand, Ichu fibers (in variable percentages), sodium hydroxide and water. The microstructure of the obtained mortars consisted of a continuous geopolymer binder phase with sand particles and Ichu fibers dispersed within the binder phase. The real density and average porosity of the reinforced mortars was 2.74 g/cm3 and 34%, respectively. It was possible to verify the influence of the addition of Ichu fibers on the mechanical response in uniaxial compression of the studied mortars, due to the poor interface between the geopolymer and the fibers. The mechanical results revealed a systematic reduction of the maximum compressive strength when the volume of Ichu fibers in the mortar mixtures was increased. On the other hand, a higher degree of deformation was evidenced in mortar mixtures containing a greater amount of Ichu fibers, reaching deformation values of up to 5%. The maximum resistance values found were from 2.87 to 20.76 MPa for samples with 8 and 0 vol.% of Ichu fibers added, respectively.
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