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Objective: Existing reviews provided evidence for the associations between higher physical activity (PA) and lower negative symptoms of psychosis among people with schizophrenia. This meta-analysis goes beyond existing syntheses and investigates associations between PA, positive and negative symptoms of psychosis, as well as symptoms of general psychopathology (referring mostly to cognitive functioning) among people with schizophrenia, but also other psychotic disorders. The moderating roles of the type of diagnosis and the type of exercise intervention were explored. Methods: The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018118236). Six electronic databases were searched; n = 27 experimental and observational studies were included, and psychotic symptoms-related data were recorded in one direction (higher values indicate better mental health and lower symptomatology). Results: Higher levels of PA (or participating in PA interventions) were associated with better mental health, that is, lower levels of positive symptoms (all studies: r = 0.170; experimental studies: SMD = 0.677), negative symptoms (all studies: r = 0.214; experimental studies: SMD = 0.838), and general psychopathology (all studies: r = 0.451; experimental studies: SMD = 1.511). The type of diagnosis (schizophrenia vs. other psychotic disorders) did not moderate these associations. Conclusions: We found a consistent pattern of associations between higher levels of PA and lower positive, negative, and general psychopathology symptoms in people with schizophrenia and those with other psychotic disorders.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effects of collaborative, dyadic, and individual planning on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in target person-partner dyads. Individual planning reflects an "I-for-me" planning of one person's behavior. Collaborative planning refers to joint planning of both dyad members' behavior ("We-for-us" planning), and dyadic planning refers to joint planning of only the target person's behavior ("We-for-me" planning). Method: N = 320 dyads of target persons (M age: 43.86 years old) and partners (M age: 42.32 years old) participated in a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT03011385) with three experimental planning conditions (collaborative, dyadic, or individual planning) and an active control condition (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and nutrition education). Target persons did not meet international MVPA guidelines or were recommended to increase their MVPA due to cardiovascular disease or type II diabetes. MVPA was measured with ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers at baseline, 1-week follow-up, and 36-week follow-up (6 months after the final intervention session; the primary endpoint). Linear mixed models were fit for target persons and partners separately. Results: At 1-week follow-up, there were no significant Time 3 Condition interaction effects among target persons and partners. At 36-week follow-up, target persons and partners in the dyadic planning conditions increased their MVPA, compared to the control condition. Conclusions: Individuals with insufficient physical activity or with a cardiovascular disease/type II diabetes and their partners may benefit from dyadic planning, which is a promising strategy to achieve physical activity increases.

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The paper represents the mathematical model for diagnostics of solar cell. The research objectives are the problem of determining a solar cell technical condition during its operation. The solar cell diagnostics is based on the mathematical model of solar cells. The single-diode solar cell model is characterized by a slight deviation of the theoretically calculated characteristics from the characteristics of the real solar cell, one of the reasons being the complexity of the accurate measurement of the series resistance. The single-diode solar cell model uses the current and voltage ratio in the form of an implicit function and it cannot be solved directly. For its solution it is necessary to use numerical methods. This is main disadvantage of the single-diode solar cell model. The methodological approach to increasing the reliability of the solar cell diagnostic has been proposed, in terms of multi-parameter the solar cell diagnostic by applying the solar cell impedance model.

Hydraulic systems in modern vehicles and agricultural machines have many components. In order to achieve high efficiency of the system, the system requires an accurate filtration system that allows you to reduce the amount of contaminants. Therefore, an important aspect is to determine the content of impurities in the working liquid, so we can diagnose and then predict the durability of the entire hydraulic system. This paper presents selected methods and means of state assessment, as well as the methodology for testing the working fluid. The results of experimental studies conducted in accordance with the developed methodology have been presented, which made it possible to obtain an appropriate analysis of results and draw appropriate conclusions. The results of the research confirmed the validity of the research activities undertaken using the passive experiment.

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