Objective. Assessing the effects of breastfeeding on the occurrence of anthropometric deviations among preschool children of the semiarid region of Alagoas (Brazil) and possible associated factors. MethOds. In a probabilistic sample of 716 1-5 year-old children, anthropometric, socioeconomic, demographic and health data were collected. The dependent variables were stunting (height-for-age < -2 SD) and overweight (weight-for-height > 2 SD) relative to the WHO-2006 standard. Children were categorized into "breastfed" (breastfeeding ≥ 30 days) and "not breastfed" (breastfeeding <30 days). Data were submitted to bivariate (c2) and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses. Results. Prevalence of stunting and overweight were 11.5% and 6.3% respectively. Although 87.3% belonged to the lower economic classes (D and E), 44.3% of mothers had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Among the 716 children studied, 489 (68.3%) were breastfed, 65 (9.0%) were not breastfed and 162 (22.7%) were still breastfeeding. Among those of the breastfed group, 213 (43.5%) received breast milk for more than 12 months. In bivariate analysis the prevalence of overweight was higher among the not breastfed group (12.7% vs. 6%; CI95% = 1 to 5.5). Factors independently associated with stunting were lower birth weight, living in rural areas and mother not living with a partner. Overweight was associated with no breastfeeding, maternal smoking during pregnancy and birth weight ≥ 4.0 kg. cOnclusiOn. Breastfeeding for a minimum period of 30 days had a protective effect against overweight in preschool children of the semiarid region of Alagoas.

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Rev. Nutr., Campinas, 23 (5) R E S U M O ObjetivoDescrever o impacto de técnicas de dessalga sobre o teor de sal no charque consumido por hipertensos nordestinos. MétodosEstudo transversal com 404 hipertensos. Mediante consentimento, aplicou-se questionário sobre frequência, quantidade consumida e técnicas de dessalga do charque empregadas pela população. Por meio da "técnica de determinação de cloretos", foi analisado o impacto das técnicas mais citadas sobre o teor de sal no alimento e comparadas àquela considerada padrão neste estudo (Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos, 2006), que reduz em 75% o teor de cloretos. ResultadosEntre as 69,0% mulheres e 31,0% homens com idade média de 57,5 e desvio-padrão de 13,6 anos, 74,0% (299/404) referiu consumir charque, sendo 63,5% semanalmente (190/299) e 23,0% diariamente (69/299), num consumo per capita de 34g/dia e 160g/dia, respectivamente. A técnica de dessalga mais utilizada, por 67,0% da população, foi a fervura. Ferver duas vezes e lavar uma vez atingiu a maior redução de cloretos (57,0%). Verificou-se que: (1) para 63,5% da população, o charque contribui com 37,0% da recomendação de sódio, considerando a técnica utilizada nesta pesquisa, para 21,0% que utiliza a técnica descrita na Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos, e (2) para os 23,0% (consumo diário), o charque sozinho atinge