The paper is devoted to the study of the institutionalization of collective memory features in the Chechen Republic after the completion of a full-scale military operation in 2000. However, armed and terrorist attacks took place in the context of the formation of a new republican government that sought to change the memorial space of Chechnya. The regime abolition of the counter-terrorist operation (CTO) on the republic territory on April 16, 2009 led not only to the end of the acute phase of the guerrilla war. It simultaneously updated the issue of the need to overcome the conflict in the memory of the republic population, associated with active stages of hostilities in 1994–1996 and 1999–2000. The lack of historiographical sources highlighting changes in the collective memory of the Chechen Republic territory increase the study relevance. Three main features of the institutionalization of collective memory have been revealed in the region, and its hegemonization specifics has been identified.
The older generation is distinguished by inclusiveness in the common memorial space of the USSR and commitment to participation in the Great Patriotic War. Georgian youth demonstrates a rejection of the common historical memory with Russia and the entire Soviet legacy, preferring to have in common with the commemorative space associated with the Second World War. The paper discusses that historical memory camouflages many memorial conflicts, contributing to the memorization of dramatic episodes (recent or old) using the past in the present, in which old grievances, hatred, and a suppressed sense of retribution are reactivated. The study aims to identify the key contradictions associated with the implementation of the modern policy of memory of Georgia and commemoration of the Great Patriotic War / World War II. The article describes some examples of the dual perception of the historical past of the Second World War. The results show that the paradigm shift from the common Soviet past to its complete denial in Georgia was accompanied by a rapid politicization of historical memory. The rejection of Soviet doctrine has led to a lack of reconciliation with the past. There was a transformation of the memory of the Great Patriotic War into the memory of the Second World War and the minimization or exaggeration of the role of the Georgian population in it.
The article considers a number of characteristic features of the mutual connection between dangerous natural phenomena and their catastrophic consequences on the disaster policy-making. A revision of existing studies on this topic is being conducted. It is argued, that disaster politics in the South of Russia is almost completely ignorant, situation-based and does not lead to significant changes in the field of early disaster awareness strategy. A number of several characteristic features of the region are outlined directly affecting the disaster policymaking. Based on the data of the SSC RAS expeditionary work, a number of the most destructive hydrometeorological phenomena in the South of Russia (2012-2018) is identified. The case of the flood crisis in Krymsk 2012 is considered. It should be concluded that the flood crisis of 2012 did not lead to the long-term disaster policy strategy for implementation regular preventive measures.
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