The investigation of mechanical properties of aluminum alloys by using express-methods is discussed in the present paper. Such properties are hardness, elastic modulus E and yield strength Rp0.2. Tensile test with extensometer and automated ball indentation test (ABI) with 5 mm ball indenter performed in order to obtain the correlations for the basic mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. The results of newly developed method of revealing the microstructure, which involves plastic deformation, show its potential of applicability in engineering practice when measuring the microstructural and submicrostructural features.
The use of nanoindentation techniques enhances the capabilities of qualitative analysis of elasto-plastic characteristics, especially, estimating mechanical properties of relatively small specimens in their surface layers. The results are in agreement with macromethods, which gather the information over the higher volume of the material. It was confirmed, that hardening of double phase Ti-6Al-4V alloy by quenching from beta temperatures (above beta-transus), reduces the elastic modulus by about 8 % due to increased ratio of low-modulus beta phase from 8 to 34 %.
Every material is structured in its unique way and has its own recognizable microstructure. There are a number of approaches in establishing the relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure of a material, but none of them is universal and correlation free, probably because of luck of attention to the sub-grain structure. The possibility of calculating the hardness number using only geometric sizes of microstructural formations is discussed in this paper, where the grain is meant to be a container of the two most frequently occurred shapes in the microstructures globula and lamellae.
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