We examine the question of prevention of crimes committed by persons with negative changes in the psyche. The relevance of the topic is confirmed by the fact that in modern conditions, preventive activities against crimes of persons with mental disabilities has acquired high importance and has become the main concept of general and forensic psychiatry, but the lack of scientific research on the prevention of crimes committed by persons with mental disorders, has a negative impact on the fight against crime. The effectiveness of the fight against crime largely depends on organizational and methodological prerequisites. Prevention of crimes committed by persons with negative changes in mental activity has an integrative nature and is possible only with the comprehensive development of tactical methods of preventive measures, criminological methods of prevention of crimes committed by persons and the development on this basis of practical recommendations to improve preventive activities. Prevention consists of two main areas: socially oriented and biologically based measures. We propose to emphasize the special field of prophylaxis and prevention measures against crimes – socio-psychiatric prophylaxis, justifying it by the fact, that prophylaxis is a complex measure. We draw a conclusion that it is possible to ensure sustainable and effective preventive work only with the coordinated mutual work of doctors and law enforcement officers, first of all, the internal affairs bodies, as well as social workers.
For a long period of time, the main regulator of relations associated with various encroachments on the bodies of the dead and the places of their burial was religion; however, the transition of society from traditional to post-industrial predetermined the changes in settlement of the analyzed crimes. In order to preserve the moral principles and moral health of society, the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation singles out an independent group of crimes that infringe on public morality, one of which is Desecration of the dead bodies and their burial places. The article discusses issues related to the commission of encroachments on the bodies of the dead and the places of their burial. They presented the description and characteristics of the objects of encroachment, as well as qualified compositions. The dialectical approach to the disclosure of legal phenomena and processes using general scientific (systemic, logical, analysis and synthesis) and specific scientific methods are utilized to gratify the aims of the study. The author substantiates the consistency of the approach regarding the synonymy of the concept "violation" and "desecration".
The objective of the research was to analyze some international standards for the safety of people who attend criminal justice from different approaches and perspectives of analysis. Based on a meaningful analysis of the provisions of international and regional regulatory legal acts, the document presents approaches to the formation of standards to ensure the safety of persons who contribute to criminal justice. Methodologically, the work applied the provisions of dialectics, general, special and particular scientific methods. In the course of the study, scientific-historical, formal-legal, formal-logical, systemic and comparative methods were also used. It is concluded that the system of security measures for people who cooperate with criminal justice has significant differences in the different national criminal justice systems, which complicates international relations and cooperation in this area and does not allow the international community to advise effectively and comprehensively, while continuously generating challenges and threats.
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