This is the second report of renal hypouricemia caused by homozygous GLUT9 mutations. Our findings confirm the pivotal role of GLUT9 in UA transport and highlight the similarities and differences between RHUC1 and RHUC2.

In this study, decolorization and degradation of aqueous nickel phthalocyanine reactive dye solutions was comparatively studied by electrochemical methods, such as electrocoagulation, electrooxidation and electro-Fenton processes. In the electrocoagulation process with aluminum electrodes the colored aqueous solutions containing 100 mg/L nickel phthalocyanine and 6 g/L NaCl were treated at initial pH 7.5 and applied current densities of 5, 10 and 20 mA/cm 2 , where fast and 100% decolorization was achieved in 10, 5 and less than 2.5 minutes of electroprocessing respectively. The electrooxidation process was conducted in acidic electrolyte solutions containing 100 mg/L nickel phthalocyanine and 6 g/L Na 2 SO 4 with Ti/Pt and graphite plate electrodes at the applied current density of 5 mA/cm 2 . Even after 60 minutes of electrolysis time the dye remained undegradable by 17 and 40%, respectively. Substituting Na 2 SO 4 with the same concentration of NaCl, complete degradation of the dye was achieved in 30 and 20 minutes with Ti/Pt and graphite electrodes respectively. In the electroFenton process with Fe electrodes and added amounts of H 2 O 2 at pH 3 and an applied current density of 5 mA/cm 2 complete degradation of nickel phthalocyanine occurred in 20 minutes.

In this study, the performance of electrocoagulation with aluminium electrodes for removing nickel from synthetic aqueous solutions and actual electroplating wastewater was investigated. Parameters affecting the electrocoagulation process, such as initial pH, current density, initial metal ion concentration and contact time were investigated. The removal efficiency is very high in the pH range 4-10. Increased current density accelerated the electrocoagulation process, however, on cost of increased energy consumption. Initial Ni 2+ concentrations of 100-300 mg/lit were quantitatively reduced under the admissible limits in only 10-20 minutes of electrolysis time respectively at the current density of 30 mA/cm 2 . The process has proved to be efficient in removing Ni 2+ ions also from industrial electroplating effluents, where an initial Ni 2+ concentration of 215 mg/lit fell under the legal limits in 20 minutes.

Electrochemical decolorization and degradation treatment of aqueous copper phthalocyanine reactive dye solutions was comparatively studied by electrocoagulation, electrooxidation and electro-Fenton processes. In the electrocoagulation process with aluminum electrodes the colored aqueous solutions of initial pH 6.4 containing 50 mg L-1 copper phthalocyanine and 6 g L-1 NaCl were treated at applied current densities of 2.5 and 5 mA cm-2. Fast and 100% decolorization was achieved in 4 and 2 minutes of electroprocessing respectively. The indirect electrooxidation process was conducted in acidic electrolyte solutions containing 50 mg L-1 copper phthalocyanine and 6 g L-1 NaCl with Ti/Pt and graphite plate electrodes at the applied current density of 10 mA cm-2. Even after 90 minutes of electrolysis time the dye remained by 23 and 18.8 % respectively undegradable. By the direct and indirect electrooxidation with the same amount of Na2SO4 electrolyte and added H2O2 respectively and using the same electrodes, the copper phthalocyanine dye was not or was only barely degraded respectively. In the electro-Fenton process with Fe electrodes and added amounts of H2O2 at pH 3 and an applied current density of 5 mA/cm2 complete degradation of copper phthalocyanine occurred in 15 minutes.