Writing of this Thesis aims to find out the legal position and the role of the Special Guidance Institution for Children in the Criminal Justice System, the scope of childdevelopment and re-education of children in conflict with the law, As for thebackground of writing that the number of children in conflict with the law in 2019 hasincreased a total of 32 children in 2018 or from 9 children to 41 children who arefostered. Likewise, the number of children in conflict with the law in 2018 has increasedby 8 children in 2017 or from 1 child to 9 children. From this condition, learning takesplace about the actions that need to be taken in rder to survive in the midst of difficultconditions. This study uses a normative juridical approach which means that inanalyzing the problem carried out by combining legal materials (which are secondarydata) with primary data obtained in the field, namely on the Role of the Kupang Class IChild Special Development Institution in the Process of Re-Education of Children TheConflict of Laws. The results showed that the position of the Kupang I Class SpecialChild Coaching Institution in fostering Children in Conflict of Laws was in accordancewith the unity of the concept of the Criminal Justice System, namely providing guidancein accordance with Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, the main principles ofcorrectional and penification services that have been determined in the Law.Penitentiary Law No. 12 of 1995. In addition, in the procedure and re-educationprocess of Children in Conflict of Law, at least through 4 stages, namely theintroduction of the environment, 0 to 1/3 criminal period, 1/3 criminal until the ½criminal period and Assimilation
Indonesia is one of the countries with abundant natural resources, this can be seen from the abundant human resources that are able to improve the management of existing natural resources. This is also emphasized in Article 33 paragraph 3 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD RI 1945). A different fact is faced by small communities in the border area between Nusa Tenggara Timur Indonesia and Timor Leste. The problem is that the small communities there are not unable to enjoy subsidy relief due to wrong targets but because of smuggling carried out to neighboring countries. In several criminal cases that occurred in the border area between East Nusa Tenggara and Timor Leste, one of them was the Indonesian National Armed Forces (Satgas Pamtas) RI-RDTL East Sector Border Security Task Force, Yonif Raider 408 / Sbh, thwarted the smuggling of thousands of liters of fuel oil. (BBM) in the RI-RDTL border area.There have been many efforts made by the government to improve the welfare of its citizens by utilizing existing natural resources, especially in the oil and gas sector, one of which is in terms of access to energy consumption through fuel oil (BBM) subsidies which are still being debated. Some are of the view that state assistance must be maintained, but on the other hand, they still think that fuel subsidies are still not on target. A different fact is faced by small communities in the border area between Nusa Tenggara Timur Indonesia and Timor Leste. In addition, at the opening of the International Convention on Indonesian Upstream Oil and Gas 2020, which was organized by SKK Migas, the Government also supported the improvement of the investment climate in Indonesia's upstream oil and natural gas (oil and gas) sector, amid a decline in national oil and gas production and sluggish movement of strategic industries due to the the Covid-19 pandemic.
Various efforts were taken by creating a healthy environment for the community. Related to this, Indonesia already has Law No. 18 of 2008 concerning Waste Management. Until now, waste management in Indonesia is still using the old paradigm: collect-transport-dispose. In Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara, the management of household waste is still not optimal, especially with the lack of public understanding and awareness about the impact of waste that is not managed properly and correctly. There are still many people who throw household waste carelessly at certain points around the edge of the road and this creates an unfavorable view and smells that interfere with breathing in the surrounding environment. Thus, this problem must provide a response from various parties not only by the government and citizens (public), the private sector but also between governments (Kupang City Government and NTT Provincial Government). This can be seen in the lack of synergy between the government's movements and policies in dealing with waste in Kupang City. Handling the waste problem is closely related to environmental problems. If the environmental conditions are clean and healthy, the community will have an impact on public health and environmental pollution. If the community is healthy, the health budget will also be reduced. In this regard, based on Law Number 18 of 2008 concerning Waste Management, concrete steps to be applied in the implementation of waste management must start from the ministry to the RT level and change people's behavior by throwing garbage not in random places. must be removed. In addition, waste management must be carried out jointly by the government, the community and the private sector by helping to prepare waste transportation facilities because the waste transportation facilities belonging to the government of Kupang City are also limited in number to transport waste in various parts of Kupang City where the amount of waste is very large. The role of the private sector is to help the government by preparing garbage bins or helping to educate the public about the importance of maintaining cleanliness.
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