A hierarchical factor solution was obtained on intercorrelations among the WAIS-R subtests for a sample of 232 learning-disabled adults. An ability arrangement in agreement with Vernon's structural paradigm was obtained. The ability hierarchy included a relatively weak general intelligence (g) factor defined by positive loadings from all WAIS-R subtests. The primary level of the hierarchy included spatial-perceptual-mechanical (k:m), verbal comprehension (VC) and freedom-from-distractibility (FD) factors. Thus, the factor structure found with learning-disabled adults on the WAIS-R is similar to the factor structure found with learning-disabled children on the WISC-R. This suggests that it may be possible to generalize from the many hierarchical studies that have been done on the WISC and WISC-R and apply the composite hierarchical factor structure that Blaha and Wallbrown (1984) derived from these studies to the WAIS-R.Vernon's (1 950) hierarchical structure-of-intellect paradigm should provide a useful framework for interpreting scores on the Wechsler intelligence scales when an appropriate hierarchical factor solution is applied. A detailed look at this paradigm indicated that general intelligence (g), the broadest factor loaded on by all subtests, was at the apex of the hierarchy. At the subgenera1 level of Vernon's ability hierarchy are two major group factors: The verbal-educational (v:ed) factor should be defined by loadings from verbal subtests and the spatial-perceptual-mechanical (k:m) factor by loadings from performance subtests. Below each major group factor in Vernon's hierarchy, there are minor group factors at the primary level.Hierarchical factor analyses of the standardization data of the Wechsler ( 1949, 1955, 1967, 1974, 1982) scales provide strong support for Vernon's (1950) hierarchical structureof-intellect paradigm. These studies reveal an ability arrangement in agreement with
One hundred seventy‐eight subjects participated in a study to measure the degree of selective subtest decline on the WAIS‐R as a function of increased error rate on the Memory‐for‐Designs Test. The data show that there is an initial, significant decline in the verbal knowledge component of the verbal scale as error rate on the MFD progresses. Performance factors are only significantly related to error rate on the MFD when the latter are maximized.
A Wherry (1984) hierarchical factor solution was obtained on the WAIS-R subtest intercorrelations for 108 alcoholic adults. An ability arrangement consistent with Vernon's (1950) structure-of-intellect paradigm was found.This ability hierarchy consisted of a strong general intelligence (g) factor defined by all 11 subtests, which accounted for 49% of the variance. The primary level of the ability hierarchy consisted of spatial-perceptualmechanical (k:m), Freedom from Distractibility (FD), and Verbal Comprehension (VC) factors. Those respective factors accounted for 86%, 4%, and 3% of the total subtest variance. Vernon's (1950) hierarchical structure-of-intellect paradigm has provided a useful model for interpreting the Wechsler intelligence scales (WPPSI, WPPSI-R, WISC, WISC-R, WAIS, WAIS-R). At the apex of Vernon's paradigm is the broadest general intelligence (g factor), which is defined by loadings by all subtests in the respective scales. The second level of Vernon's paradigm consists of two broad major group factors with a verbal-numerical-educational (v-ed) factor defined by verbal subtests and a spatialmechanical-practical k:m-factor defined by loadings from performance subtests. At the primary level, minor group factors exist under each major group factor in Vernon's paradigm, and these are differentiated out of their respective domains as more ability assessors are included in the analysis.Strong support for Vernon's (1 950) hierarchical structure-of-intellect paradigm has been provided whenever the standardization data of the Wechsler (1949, 1955, 1967, 1974, 1981, 1989) intelligence scales were analyzed with an appropriate hierarchical factor solution. This has occurred at all age levels from each of the Wechsler scales from the WPPSI (Wallbrown, Blaha, &Wherry,
Successful predictors of vocational success among psychiatric populations include (a) having been married, (b) having held full‐time work, and (c) not having been diagnosed as learning disabled.
27 children (mean age 6.7 yr.) and 84 adults (mean age 26.3 yr.) were asked to judge the sizes of human figures in photographs. Half the cards contained interpositional depth cues while the other half did not. Both groups of subjects showed better size constancy with interposition present than without it.
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