BackgroundEthno-botanical information from diabetic patients in Cuba led to the identification of Allophylus cominia as a possible source of new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM).
ExperimentalChemical characterization of the extracts from A. cominia was carried out using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The extracts were tested for their activity on PTP1B, DPPIV, α-glucosidase enzymes and α-amylase.
ResultsThe flavonoid rich fractions from A. cominia inhibited DPPIV enzyme (75.3±2.33%) at 30 µg/ml and produced a concentration-dependent inhibition against DPPIV with a Ki value of 2.6 µg/ml. At 30 µg/ml, flavonoids and pheophytins extracts significantly inhibited PTP1B enzyme (100±2.6% and 68±1% respectively). The flavonoids, pheophytin A and pheophytin B fractions showed significant concentration-dependent inhibition against PTP1Bwith Ki values of 3 µg/ml, 0.64 µg/ml and 0.88 µg/ml respectively. At 30 µg/ml, the flavonoid fraction significantly inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme (86±0.3%) in a concentration-dependent pattern with a Ki value of 2 µg/ml.None of the fractions showed significant effects on α-amylase. Fatty acids, tannins, pheophytins A and B, and a mixture of flavonoids were detected in the methanolic extract from A. cominia. The identified flavonoids were mearnsitrin, quercitrin, quercetin-3-alloside, and naringenin-7-glucoside.
the pharmacological effects of the extracts from A. cominia observed in experimental diabetic models were shown in this study. A. cominia is potentially a new candidate for the treatment and management of T2-DM.
This study aimed to determine the potential toxic effect of 4-day oral treatment with a lignin-based formulation on the enzymatic activity and morphology of the small intestine of rat. Ligmed-A is collected from sugarcane and is used to treat diarrhea in weaning pigs. The compound is about 90% lignin, an insoluble polyphenolic constituent of plants and a component of dietary fiber. The duodenal, jejunal and ileal mucosa of control rats and those receiving 2 g/kg Ligmed-A showed similar protein contents of about 100 mg/g. The sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities of the three intestinal segments were unaltered after administration of the compound. Nonhistological alterations were observed after treatment. Our results, together with those of previous studies which found no toxicological effects, indicate that Ligmed-A could provide a potent antidiarrheal treatment in the veterinary area. However, further studies are required to examine its use in humans.
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