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In this work, a novel and effective hydrochar was prepared by hydrothermal treatment of Prunus serrulata bark to remove the pesticide atrazine in river waters. The hydrothermal treatment has generated hydrochar with a rough surface and small cavities, favoring the atrazine adsorption. The adsorption equilibrium time was not influenced by different atrazine concentrations used, being reached after 240 min. The Elovich adsorption kinetic model presented the best adjustment to the kinetic data. The Langmuir model presented the greatest compliance to the isotherm data and indicated a higher affinity between atrazine and hydrochar, reaching a maximum adsorption capacity of 63.35 mg g -1 . Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption process was highly spontaneous, endothermic, and favorable, with a predominance of physical attraction forces. In treating three real river samples containing atrazine, the adsorbent showed high removal efficiency, being above 70 %. The hydrochar from Prunus serrulata bark waste proved highly viable to remove atrazine from river waters due to its high efficiency and low precursor material cost.

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The present work consisted of preparing and characterizing composite carbon materials (WRCC) from raw winery residues (WR) activated with zinc chloride to produce a carbon adsorbent. The WRCC was used for the adsorption of emerging contaminants in aqueous media. The WRCC presented a morphology with favorable characteristics for the adsorption process, giving an abundant porous structure with pores of different sizes. The results show the WRCC's effectiveness, presenting surface area values (227 m 2 g −1 ) and total pore volume (0.175 cm 3 g −1 ). The general order kinetic model predicted the experimental curves sufficiently. The Sips model better described the two adsorbates' equilibrium data, with maximum adsorption capacities of 376.0 and 119.6 mg g −1 for 2nitrophenol and ketoprofen, respectively. The WRCC carbon material was also highly efficient, with maximum removal of 81.4% and 94% in 1000 mg L −1 of the compounds 2-nitrophenol and ketoprofen. Finally, the prepared material has essential characteristics that make it an efficient adsorbent in treating effluents with emerging contaminants.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the degradation of rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution by photo-Fenton reaction under visible irradiation using a Fe-rich bentonite as a catalyst. The material was thermally treated at a low temperature (200 °C) and characterized by XRD, N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, FTIR, SEM-EDS and XRF. Iron leaching in aqueous solution after the photo-Fenton reaction was evaluated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The material exhibited a mesoporous structure, containing a specific surface area of 99 m 2 .g -1 . The catalytic results showed significant dye degradation, reaching 95% of decolorization and 72% of mineralization at 300 min of reaction. The catalyst showed high chemical stability in four reaction cycles. Therefore, this thermally treated Fe-rich bentonite can be considered as a promising catalyst in the heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction for the degradation of rhodamine B from aqueous solution. ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a degradação do corante rodamina B em solução aquosa por reação foto-Fenton sob irradiação visível utilizando uma bentonita rica em ferro como catalisador. O material foi tratado termicamente a baixa temperatura (200 ºC) e caracterizado por DRX, isotermas de adsorção-dessorção de N 2 , FTIR, MEV-EDS e FRX. A lixiviação do ferro na solução aquosa após a reação foto-Fenton foi avaliada por espectroscopia de absorção atômica. O material exibiu uma estrutura mesoporosa, apresentando uma área de superfície específica de 99 m 2 .g -1 . Os resultados catalíticos mostraram alta eficiência na degradação do corante, atingindo 95% de descoloração e 72% de mineralização em 300 min de reação. O catalisador apresentou alta estabilidade química em quatro ciclos de reação. Portanto, esta bentonita rica em Fe tratada termicamente pode ser considerada como um promissor catalisador na reação foto-Fenton heterogênea para a degradação da rodamina B em solução aquosa.