The basioccipital bone is particularly important with regard to the developing cranium. There is broad anatomical diversity in the anatomy of fetal and infantile basioccipitals. Specifically, some basioccipitals have transverse basilar clefts, clival foramina, and clival canals. Additionally, basioccipitals are diverse with regard to foveae and foveolae patterns. The size and shape of the basioccipital also changes throughout development. Canonical variate analysis revealed shape change from a relatively narrow/long with mild concavity at the foramen magnum in the 5th and 6th intrauterine months to relatively broad/short with more pronounced concavity in the 5th postnatal month. This report highlights the development of the basioccipital bone in addition to detailing the prevalence of the aforementioned anatomical features of the basioccipital and discusses the implications for anthropology, forensic osteology, as well as clinical implications of variant basioccipital anatomy.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
The structural integrity of the femur is of particular importance for post‐menopausal women and therefore warrants study. A history of force transmitted through the femur from, for example, weight bearing activity is associated with increased femoral bone mass. However, little study has assessed the relationships between the musculature of the thigh and the structure of the bone. Therefore, this study assessed the bilateral cross‐sectional areas of quadriceps muscles, the mid‐diaphyseal marrow cavity, and the mid‐diaphyseal cortical bone via axial MRI in post‐menopausal women (Mean age = 63 years). Paired t‐test revealed no significant difference in vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris cross‐sectional areas between thighs (p=0.06; p=0.62; p=0.12; p=0.06, respectively). Also, a paired t‐test did not reveal significance between the cross sectional area of the medullary cavity between sides (p=0.91). However, the outer diameter of the diaphysis was significantly different between sides (p=0.02). Accordingly, there was significant different in the cross‐sectional area of the cortical bone between sides (p=0.02). The right‐sided cortical bone cross‐sectional area was 393.2±87.9mm2 (Mean±SD) whereas the left‐sided cortical bone cross‐sectional area was 374.4±83.4mm2. The results of this study suggest that factors outside of musculature play an important role in cortical bone mass. Cortical bone, but not the marrow cavity, differs between femurs. Though speculative, the difference in bone mass is likely due to uneven loads between legs, suggesting a general favoring of load to the right side.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
The glenohumeral joint, by nature of its freedom in range of motion, is particularly vulnerable to injury. Though many aspects of the joint, such as rotator cuff musculature and the glenoid labrum, have been assessed, there is a paucity of data regarding the variation in the contour of the glenoid fossa, the bony support for the humeral head. Therefore, this study applied geometric morphometric techniques to demonstrate the variance in the contours of glenoid fossae. A total of 76 shoulder CT scans, with planes oriented through the glenoid cavity, coronally, were assessed. Principle component analysis explained 80.1% of the cumulative variance in the glenoid fossa shape with the first two principle components (PC1 = 65.7%; PC2 = 14.4%). The first principle component revealed the shape variance to range from a pronounced concave shape to a minimally concave, nearly linear, shape. The results of this study suggest that, varied concavity of the glenoid cavity might influence both the range of motion and the structural integrity of the glenohumeral joint.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.