The authors and the journal apologise for an error in the above paper which appeared in 157 (5) 647-653. In this paper, on page 647, in the results section of the abstract, the first and second sentences should read as follows:'Boys showed significant (P!0.05) delay (years) in mean ages at onset of genital development (12.0 (C0.9) years) and pubarche (12.2 (C0.4) years). In girls, mean ages at thelarche (11.4 (C0.5) years), pubarche (11.5 (C0.1) years), and menarche (13.2 (C0.5) years) were significantly delayed compared with the general population.'European Journal of Endocrinology 157 791
Objective: To investigate the effect of type 1 diabetes on pubertal onset and development, and to identify factors potentially affecting puberty, including glycemic control, relative diabetes duration, body mass index standard delta score (BMI SDS), insulin dose, and intensity of insulin therapy. Research design and methods: Initiated in 1990, the Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdaten (DPV) is an ongoing, prospective longitudinal follow-up program to benchmark the quality of diabetes care provided to, predominantly, pediatric patients. Data collection for this non-interventional audit was carried out at 202 German diabetes treatment centers. Patient recruitment was done by referral, clinic/hospital ascertainment, or self-report. Data were analyzed for subcohorts of 1218-2409 boys and 579-2640 girls from a cohort of 24 385 pediatric type 1 diabetic patients. Selection was based on ethnicity and availability of data on Tanner stage 2, or higher, of genital and pubic hair development (boys) or breast and pubic hair development, and menarche (girls). Results: Boys showed significant (P!0.05) delay (years) in mean ages at onset of genital development (12.0 (G0.9) years) and pubarche (12.2 (G0.4) years). In girls, mean ages at thelarche (11.4 (G0.5) years), pubarche (11.5 (G0.1) years), and menarche (13.2 (G0.5) years) were significantly delayed compared with the general population. Sexual maturity (Tanner stage 5) was not delayed in either sex. Elevated glycohemoglobin and decreased BMI SDS were associated with significantly delayed pubertal onset, whereas relative diabetes duration and insulin dose were not. Conclusions: Pubertal onset, but not sexual maturity, is delayed in children with type 1 diabetes. Delay increases with higher glycohemoglobin and lower BMI SDS.European Journal of Endocrinology 157 647-653
Caudal regression sequence (CRS) is a rare congenital defect of the lower spinal segments and the neural tube. Motor symptoms as well as neurological deficits and loss of bladder and bowel function are usually present. CRS is also associated with anomalies in other systems such as the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract. Etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood.A newborn presented with anomalies of the spinal column (lumbosacral) with absence/hypoplasia of the 12th thoracic and first lumbar vertebral anomaly body. Bladder and bowel initially were functional. MRangiography exhibited an anomaly of the unpaired vessels originating from the aorta, a likely relict of a persisting vitelline artery.These findings indicate a potential vascular genesis of CRS, much as in sirenomelia.
Obesity can cause insulin resistance and cardiovascular and liver disease. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in laboratory values, body composition, and physical fitness before and after a one-year weight loss program with nutritional education, psychological care, and physical exercise. Twenty-two obese children (16 boys, 6 girls; median age 11.9 [range 7-15] years; BMI SDS +2.4 [1.6-3.1]) participated in the program. Outcome measures included liver enzymes, insulin resistance (HOMA), lipids, body composition, physical strength and endurance. All children had an inverse HOMA/body composition correlation; Group 1 (reduced BMI SDS after one year) had lower triglycerides, liver enzymes and improved body composition and fitness (p < 0.05). Group 2 (unchanged or increased BMI SDS) had worse body composition and increased endurance and strength of trunk extension (p < 0.05). Weight loss reduced risk factors for liver disease and improved insulin sensitivity. Body composition proved useful as a non-invasive indicator for insulin sensitivity.
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