Recent war experiences in Israel reveal that parental denial of facts of war and masking their own anxiety is especially traumatic to the small child
A central problem in the use of children's behavior inventories involves the verity of endorsements made by reporters. Therefore, procedures for constructing, administering, and scoring a deviant behavior inventory were developed so as to minimize and control over- and under-reporting error. To minimize false negatives, comprehensive coverage, a not sure response category, a re-sort procedure, and use of 5 reporters were included. To control false positives, clarity and specificity of working, a detailed inquiry, and independent validity judgments were included. In 20 deviant behavior inventory assessments of school children a considerable amount of both types of error was demonstrated when measured against the independent validity judgments, suggesting caution in the use of similar behavioral assessments which neglect to control for such error. (28 ref.)
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Duke University School of Law is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Law and Contemporary Problems.When the most recent wave of narcotics use by juveniles hit the headlines at the turn of the decade, both the lay public and those who might have been expected to know something about it-the psychiatrists, the social scientists, the medical profession in general-were largely in the dark about the meaning, the origin, and the danger of the "epidemic." For, although this may not have been the first such flare-up of drug using in the living history of this country, no valid and systematic studies of the problem had been made during the previous incidents. The phenomenon had been "viewed with alarm" when it came to public attention before, and there, in the main, the matter of knowledge and insight rested.' Thanks to the intervention of the National Institute of Mental Health (United States Public Health Service), however, the recent wave of juvenile drug use became the subject of relatively intensive study.2 We are now in the possession of a wealth of information, collected systematically and with a view to testing specific hunches and hypotheses.The aim of this paper is to summarize our findings concerning the "typical" male juvenile narcotics user in New York City and to trace the "typical" process of addiction. We shall not here describe the methods used in our studies; this information is, however, available elsewhere.3 Reference will be made to the unpublished reports of each of the seven studies on which this article is primarily based.4 What, then, do we know about the juvenile drug user and the path he followed to addiction?5 (since September I954), and Daniel M. Wilner (until July I954), under the general direction of Isidor Chein. They are listed in a separate bibliography appended to this article.6 All but one of our studies, as well as most other investigations, are focused on males. In the recent waves of drug use, the ratio of male to female users has been about four to one. See RESEARCH This content downloaded from 194.29.185.112 on Wed, 11 Jun 2014 11:16:28 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions JUVENILE USE 53Before attempting a systematic review of our knowledge, it may be helpful first to mention a few strategic facts which will afford some general perspective in viewing the full complexity of the problem. I SOME BASIC FACTS: A PERSPECTIVE I. Every year since i949, about 500 new cases of young men (aged sixteen to twenty inclusive) who are involved with narcotics become known in the city of New York-to city courts, the Probation Department, city hospitals, and the Youth Council Bureau.6 The majority of these cases are users o...
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