This Article presents a mathematical programming model for the mass integration of eco-industrial parks. The model considers the reuse of wastewater among different industries and the constraints given by the process sinks and the environmental regulations for waste streams discharged to the environment. The model allows the optimal selection of treatment units to satisfy the process and environmental regulations. The objective function consists of the minimization of the total annual cost, including the treatment unit costs, the piping costs, and the cost of fresh water. A new discretization approach is proposed for the model reformulation to handle the bilinear terms of the model as part of a global optimization strategy. Results show that significant savings can be achieved for the design of an integrated eco-industrial park with respect to the integration of each individual industry.
This article presents a new global optimization method for the interplant water integration based on properties to characterize streams with numerous components. The problem is formulated as an mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model based on a superstructure that involves all possible options of interest (i.e., reuse and recycle in the same and to other plants and a set of shared treatment units). This formulation exhibits multiple local minima, and to overcome this problem, this article proposes effective branching rules in addition to two new reformulations for the upper bound (integer feasible solution) and the lower limit (relaxed solution), which are incorporated into a spatial branch and bound procedure to handle the bilinear terms in the model. The objective consists in finding the configuration with the minimum total annual cost. Results show that the global optimal solution (involving significant reductions in the fresh water consumption) is reached in few iterations and short central processing unit (CPU) time.
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