The application of permeable pavements is known to be effective in reducing negative impacts such as increase in peak runoff rate and urban heat islands as the impervious surface increases. In this study, a detailed procedure for the hydrological design of permeable road systems and its example are presented. The study was carried out in the order of construction of demonstration-scale permeable road, analysis of rainfall-runoff data obtained from demonstration facilities, verification test of permeable road, construction of numerical design model, analysis of model sensitivity for design factor derivation, and development of the design procedure. The K-LIDM-R (K-LIDM-Road) was constructed as a design model by applying K-LIDM (Korea LID Model) to the permeable road. The model was confirmed by analyzing the data obtained through the empirical experiment, rainfall-runoff monitoring, and numerical model results. The permeable road system was constructed by linking the permeable road with the planter box, infiltration gutter, swale, etc., and the 33 most commonly used types of systems are presented. From the model sensitivity analysis, the height and diameter of the perforated pipe and the length of the unit road, which is the unit length of the perforated pipe connected with the urban stormwater drainage pipe, were identified as the major design elements. The design aims to reproduce the characteristics of the hydrograph prior to development by determining the detailed design values of the design elements and the thickness of the road base layer for a given design rainfall and permeable road system. The data obtained through this study can be used as basic data for the design of permeable roads, and the developed design procedure can be applied to the design of permeable roads connected with Low Impact Development facilities.
a b s t r a c tThe increase in urban flooding has been attributed to the change in stormwater pattern due to climate change as well as the increased impervious coverage following rapid urbanization. The permeable block pavement is one of most widely accepted Green Infrastructure and Low Impact Development facilities for runoff mitigation in urban area where land is generally covered with pavement roads and parking lots. To assess the applicability of single-ring infiltrometer to permeable block pavements, the permeable block pavements with two different joint filler materials constructed in Korea Green Infrastructure and Low Impact Development Center were selected and tested using 300 mm single-ring infiltrometer based on ASTM C 1701. The second measurement sequentially taken after the first measurement gave smaller infiltration rate than the first with few exceptions, because the suction in the system is lost while taking the first measurement. No meaningful dependency of infiltration rate on spatial variation of measurement locations was found from the data. The number of crossing joints or the pattern of blocks tested within the infiltrometer was found to be one of governing factors. One should carefully choose the test domain and pattern contained within the infiltrometer to estimate the infiltration rate which represents the entire domain of block pavements. The infiltration rate of the pavement with coarse filler (Ø 4-8 mm) was about three times the infiltration of the system with finer filler (Ø 2 mm). However, when coarse filler is used, the construction should carefully be conducted as coarse fillers are harder to be uniformly installed into the joint gap with finite width.
Recently, the characteristics of rainfall occurring in Korea have been changed significantly because of global climate change, and in particular, the uncertainty of stability for flood mitigation has been increased, owing to river management projects such as channel alteration. However, the effective measuring systems in flood mitigation and river management considering the temporal/spatial changes of channel morphology have not been established to keep the national disaster security; thus, the countermeasures considering the rainfall occurrence and the conveyance of river are very demanded to be established with analyzing hydromorphic and hydrodynamic factors. Herein, we represents the indices system denoting vulnerability and stability of rivers, attributed to massive channel alteration projects in Nakdong river network, Korea, which shows that 85.1% of reach has been up-ranked, and in partiuclar, 7.5% of reach has 2-step up-ranked in Nakdong river and upgraded segment is 24.2% and downgraded segment is 1.5% in its first tributaries. The proposed evaluation system for river flood stability is expected to provide the informative data to stakeholders making decisions in the river management.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.