Background and Purpose-To define the detailed spectrum of audiovestibular dysfunction in anterior inferior cerebellar artery territory infarction. Methods-Over 8.5 years, we prospectively identified 82 consecutive patients with anterior inferior cerebellar artery territory infarction diagnosed by MRI. Each patient completed a standardized audiovestibular questionnaire and underwent a neuro-otologic evaluation, including bithermal caloric tests and pure tone audiogram.

clinicaltrials.gov identifier number: NCT02046980.

Lateral cephalograms and related analysis constitute representative methods for orthodontic treatment. However, since conventional cephalometric radiographs display a three-dimensional structure on a two-dimensional plane, inaccuracies may be produced when quantitative evaluation is required. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has minimal image distortion, and important parts can be observed without overlapping. It provides a high-resolution three-dimensional image at a relatively low dose and cost, but still shows a higher dose than a lateral cephalogram. It is especially true for children who are more susceptible to radiation doses and often have difficult diagnoses. A conventional lateral cephalometric radiograph can be obtained by reconstructing the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data obtained from CBCT. This study evaluated the applicability and consistency of lateral cephalograms generated by CBCT using an artificial intelligence analysis program. Group I comprised conventional lateral cephalometric radiographs, group II comprised lateral cephalometric radiographs generated from CBCT using OnDemand 3D, and group III comprised lateral cephalometric radiographs generated from CBCT using Invivo5. All measurements in the three groups showed non-significant results. Therefore, a CBCT scan and artificial intelligence programs are efficient means when performing orthodontic analysis on pediatric or orthodontic patients for orthodontic diagnosis and planning.

Lateral cephalograms and related analysis have become a “gold standard”, since its introduction. However, since conventional cephalometric radiographs display a three-dimensional structure on a 2D plane, inaccuracies may be produced when quantitative evaluation is required. CBCT has minimal image distortion and important parts can be observed without overlapping. It provides a high-resolution 3D image at a relatively low dose and cost but still shows a higher dose than lateral cephalogram. It is especially true for children who are more susceptible to radiation doses and often have difficult diagnoses. If the DICOM data obtained from CBCT are reconstructed, such as the conventional lateral cephalometric radiograph, can be obtained. This study evaluated the applicability of lateral cephalograms generated by CBCT using an artificial intelligence analysis program. Group comprised conventional lateral cephalometric radiographs, group comprised lateral cephalometric radiographs generated from CBCT using OnDemand 3D™, and group comprised lateral cephalometric radiographs generated from CBCT using Invivo 5™. All measurements in the three groups showed non-significant results. Therefore, a CBCT scan and AI programs are an efficient means when performing orthodontic analysis on pediatric or orthodontic patients for orthodontic diagnosis and planning.