A comparative analysis of two kinds of highly stretchable orthotropic textile materials (woven and knitted) reveals their behavior with spatial biaxial (membrane and punch) deformation. The investigation is illustrated by uncommon experimental cases when perpendicularly loaded disc-shaped specimens experience a stressed state very close to uniaxial tension, i.e., one of the two stresses of biaxial tension becomes negligibly small compared to the other. The conditions for a spatial textile shell to achieve an unstable shape, i.e., to wrinkle, are also analyzed.The main parts of thin-sheet materials, e.g., textiles and polymer films, during processing and service (e.g., moulding) are affected by forces perpendicular to their surfaces. As a result, shells exposed to biaxial deforma-.tion form. Two spatial biaxial deformation test methods are well known and widely used for investigating textile and polymer materials, i.e., the membrane and the punch.Recently, the number of biaxial deformation tests in materials science and technological investigations has grown. This tendency is influenced by three factors:
The goal of this research work was experimental investigation and evaluation of biaxial punch deformation processes of anisotropic textile materials. The investigation was aimed to solving the following problems: tofind a new criterion for textile behaviour evaluation in punch loading; to evaluate theeffect of material anisotropy for the geometry offormed shell; to determine the straindistribution in anisotropic shell. The experimental data of X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that friction at specimen/punch contact, which earlier was ignored, has a significant effect upon the parameters of the punching process.
The aim of the presented research is to apply the method of punch deformation for the simulation of textile systems behaviour in serve conditions and on the basis of it create original method and find new criteria for shape stability evaluation. The research was done with the help of three devices of punch loading originally created at Kaunas University of Technology (Lithuania), which were attached to the standard tensile testing machine. Creep tests were performed by a special device, clamping radius of which was R=56.5 mm. Creep process was controlled up to the stabilisation of shells height, i.e. after t=48 h. Tests were carried out in wet and dry states of the specimen. Two different types of textile systems (I+K and K+I) composed of two layers were investigated (where K – outer material; I – interlining).
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