The More Things Change Immigrants and the Children of Immigrants in the 1940s, the 1970s, and the 1990s David Card, John DiNardo, and Eugena Estes 3. See Waldinger and Perlmann (1997) for a review of much of this literature. 4. This argument is advanced in Gans (1992) and Portes and Zhou (1993); also see Wal-5. There are many histories of U.S. immigration; see, for example, Bennett (1963). dinger and Perlmann (1997).
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