This paper presents four novel techniques for open-vocabulary spoken document retrieval: a method to detect slots that possibly contain a query feature; a method to estimate occurrence probabilities; a technique that we call collection-wide probability re-estimation and a w eighting scheme which takes advantage of the fact that long query features are detected more reliably. These four techniques have been evaluated using the TREC-6 spoken document retrieval test collection to determine the improvements in retrieval e ectiveness with respect to a baseline retrieval method. Results show that the retrieval e ectiveness can be improved considerably despite the large number of speech recognition errors.

Abstract. This paper describes work in progress on automatic generation of "impact sounds" based on physical modelling. These sounds can be used as non-speech audio presentation of objects and as interaction-mechanisms to non visual interfaces. In this paper especially we present the complete physical model for impact sounds "spherical objects hitting flat plates or beams." The results of analysing of some examples of recorded (digitised) "impact sounds" and their comparisons with some theoretical aspects are discussed in this paper. These results are supposed to be used as input for the next phases of our audio framework project. The objective of this research project (joint project University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) is to develop a concept, methods and a prototype for an audio framework. This audio framework shall describe sounds on a highly abstract semantic level. Every sound is to be described as the result of one or several interactions between one or several objects at a certain place and in a certain environment.

Designing environmental sounds based on the results of interaction between objects in the real worldDarvishi, A.; Munteanu, E.; Guggiana, V.; Schauer, H.; Motavalli, M.; Rauterberg, G.W.M. Published in:Human-computer interaction (Interact) : IFIP TC 13 international conference : proceedings, 5th, 1995, Oslo Published: 01/01/1995 Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers)Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. ABSTRACT This paper presents an object oriented layered software architecture for describing and designing environmental (everyday) sounds in user interfaces based on a new sound model (audio framework). This new architecture is defined by different layers including the physical layer, system sound software layer, sound analyser/synthesiser layer and the interface layer. The sound model described can be used as the basic design of environmental sounds in user interfaces. This paper describes the different components: physical modelling, interaction, context sensitivity, and metaphorical description. In the paper the term audio framework is ultimately used for the sound model presented. This paper first provides an overview of existing approaches for modelling environmental sounds, then presents the new audio framework, a comparison between real and model generated sounds and finally discusses potential applications.

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En examinant des textes originaux ou des traductions ré centes, l'auteur explique, interprè te et classifie des unité s lexicales nouvelles en roumain, forgé es par des moyens phrastiques (combinaisons syntaxiques libres, syntagmes composé s d'é lé ments semi-lexicalisé s, dé compositions à valeur emphatique de certaines structures lexicales pré existantes, syntagmes complexes pré sentant une signification unitaire), ou dé rivatifs (à partir de noms propres, par l'adjonction de pré fixes ou de suffixes), des emprunts lexicaux directs, des termes cré é s par une modification de leur signification caté gorielle, des termes contextuellement substantivisé s, etc.* Für die sachkundige Übertragung meines Textes ins Deutsche danke ich Frau Julia Richter.1 Der Terminus «philosophisch» muss im weitesten Sinne verstanden werden. Der Inhalt mancher Texte kann als theologisch, der anderer wiederum als essayistisch bezeichnet werden etc.

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