Un écosystème aquatique sain est primordial pour la vie des produits halieutiques et une alimentation saine de la population. Ce travail se propose de faire une évaluation de la qualité du lac Azili dans la commune de Zangnanado. Les méthodes de spectrophotométrie d’absorption moléculaire et de membrane filtrante pour le dénombrement des germes sont adoptées. L’échantillonnage a été fait en novembre 2020 suivant quatre points (aval, amont, milieu du lac et proximité de l’île). Les résultats obtenus montrent une teneur en azote supérieure à 2 mg/l ; la teneur en phosphores supérieure à 1 mg/l ; la DBO5 varie de 5 à 18 mg/l; la DCO varie de 9.98 à 52.59 mg/l; la teneur en ammonium varie de 0.45 à 0.5 mg/l; la teneur en coliformes thermotolérants varie entre 60 et 3140 CT/100 ml; les teneurs en E. coli et entérocoques fécaux varient de 0 à 20 germes/100 ml. Les résultats issus de cette étude montrent que le lac Azili est à son début de pollution. Cette pollution du lac est due aux activités anthropiques. Des stratégies pour limiter la pollution doivent être mise en place pour éviter le pire dans le futur.
This study focuses on the assessment of the level of contamination in metallic trace elements (cadmium, copper, zinc and lead) in the waters of lake Azili in the municipality of Zangnanado. The methodology adopted to achieve these results is the method of molecular absorption spectrophotometry. Four sites were sampled at the beginning of November 2020 (period of the long dry season). The results obtained show that the copper content varies between 1.04 mg/l and 1.67 mg/l. The zinc content between 0.2 mg/l to 0.62 mg/l and those of lead recorded are all above 0.05 mg/l. As for their cadmium concentration, they are all above 0.001 mg/l. These results from water analysis of Azili lake show that the sources of this type contamination of the lake are due on the one hand to human activities (dumps of household waste, use of motorized boats) and others other hand to the contributions of the effluents of the lake carrying pesticides. The water quality of Lake Azili is therefore influenced by these various metallic trace elements found there. These results show that the waters of lake Azili are at their beginning of pollution even if it is not yet alarming at the time of our study. Under these conditions, if nothing is done to mitigate it, the pollution will be critical over time.
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