Both botulinum toxin A products displayed high efficacy and good tolerability at a dose ratio of 1:1, with no statistically significant differences between them. The high response rates observed after 4 months suggest a good effectiveness beyond this observation period.
The different botulinum toxin type A formulations proved to be equivalent in effectiveness and tolerability in a dose ratio of 1:3 (Xeomin®: Dysport®) The more pronounced decrease of crow's feet at rest points out the importance of muscle insertion into the skin for the cosmetic result in the periorbital region.
Upper eye lid blepharoplasty is one of the most commonly practiced surgical treatments in aesthetic medicine. Careful patient selection, thorough preoperative planing, and exact surgical treatment lead to optimal results. CO(2) laser assisted surgery provides a dry and clear surgical field, allowing precise tissue control. On the other hand CO(2) laser subsurfacing leads due to thermal effect to a shrinking of the lax orbital septum, and reduces the need for orbital fat resection or even allows one to avoid fat resection. Periorbital combination treatments in most cases allow smaller or less invasive procedures, reducing risk factors. Additionally they adapt to individual anatomic structures, different needs in outcome and show synergistic effects. Aesthetic dermatology incorporates many conservative and invasive approaches, so that upper eyelid blepharoplasty in dermatologic surgery is widely accepted and well-established.
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