The relevance of microorganisms in the biosphere and their growing applications in different areas make them an essential content for schoolchildren. This research, through the use of drawing and open questions, analyzes the preconceptions that students aged between 8 and 11 have on microorganisms. A set of 12 Natural Science textbooks for students in that age group are also reviewed, checking how this topic is addressed. Findings show a negative and limited view of microorganisms, coinciding largely with the way in which this subject is approached in the different publishers. All of this may have implications for planning and sequencing the microbiology contents, in order to give a wider and more balanced view of microorganisms' harms and goods.
Attitude toward science has been recognized as highly influential in students' engagement with science and future career choices. Science is important in our everyday lives as well, in a society demanding more scientific vocations and higher levels of scientific literacy. There is little research on how attitudes develop and evolve at early ages, which may be due to a lack of appropriate measurement tools. The objective of this study is to design and validate a tool to measure attitude toward informal science in 5 to 6‐year‐old children, who are not yet familiarized with “formal science.” Rather, these children are constantly interacting and learning about their surrounding world. These early experiences are important for future science engagement. The Leisure Time in Science (LeTiS) scale consists of eight pictures representing science learning activities in informal environments. Children's intentions of performing the activities shown in the LeTiS pictures are measured by comparing them with other leisure nonscientific activities. We also analyze parents' views on their children's leisure interests for comparison. The relationship among attitudes, intentions, and interests is also analyzed as part of this study involving 387 children and 188 parents. LeTiS is a pictographic scale, which is easy to interpret, with reliable psychometric properties, Oω = .88, and a unidimensional factorial structure. The results show that participants, aged 5–6, have a very positive attitude, with no gender‐based differences. Nevertheless, their intentions to perform the activities are less promising, as nonscientific activities are consistently the first choice. Although parents' views report considerable science interest in their children, there is a low correlation with attitudes and intentions. The findings may offer clues on the relationship between children's attitudes toward science and their actual behavior. The study may also contribute to planning science curriculum in the early educational years.
Resumen: El estudio analizó las ideas de los alumnos (6-8 años) sobre microorganismos e higiene básica, contrastando el aprendizaje a través de un método experimental y mediante uno más tradicional, durante la intervención y después de dos meses. Se valoró, además, el tiempo que el profesor dedica a su diferente preparación. La información se obtuvo mediante dibujos y cuestionarios a niños y a padres. Los resultados evidencian que los niños tienen, en general, una concepción limitada y negativa sobre los microorganismos, aunque sus hábitos de higiene son aceptables. La intervención mejora los conocimientos, según reflejan ambos postest y, además, se mantienen en el tiempo. Los hábitos higiénicos no variaron. No obstante, según las familias, mejora la forma de lavarse dientes y manos. No se evidenciaron diferencias en el aprendizaje entre métodos de enseñanza, pero sí en el tiempo de dedicación del maestro, que fue un 75% superior en el caso experimental.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.